ADHD 하위유형에 따른 관리기능 결함양상 = The Comparison of the Executive Functions according to Subtypes of Children with ADHD

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study investigated defect in the executive function of ADHD children. Three groups of 90 children - 30 normal children, 30 ADHD-PHI type children, and 30 ADHD-C type children - were tested on three components (inhibition ability, planning ability, and working memory capacity) of executive function, and their scores were compared with each other. With respect to inhibition ability, ADHD-PI type children were not much defective than the normal children, but ADHD-C type children were clearly defective than the normal control group. In terms of planning ability, both types of ADHD children were found to be defective than the normal children, but there was no difference between the two types of ADHD children. In regard of working memory capacity, both groups of ADHD children were defective than the normal children, but there was no difference between the two types of ADHD children. ADHD-C type children turned out to be more defective than ADHD-PI type children in inhibition ability, but other executive functions were no clear difference between two types. Clinical implications of these results were discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 ADHD 아동의 하위유형에 따른 관리기능의 결함 양상을 검토하였다. ADHD 하위유형 간에 관리기능 비교를 통하여 ADHD 아동의 인지적 특성을 명확히 하고, 나아가 ADHD의 진단 및 분류 시 하위유형이 임상적으로 동일한 집단인지, 이질적인 집단인지에 대한 논의에 도움을 제공하기 위함이었다. DSM-Ⅳ의 진단기준에 의해 ADHD로 진단된 아동 60명과 정상 아동 30명, 모두 90명을 선정하여 이들에 대해 관리기능 중 억제능력, 계획능력, 작업기억능력을 측정하였다. 관리기능의 하위영역인 억제능력, 계획능력, 작업기억능력별로 ADHD 하위유형간 차이를 비교한 결과, 억제능력의 경우 부주의형에서는 결함이 발견되지 않았고 혼합형에서만 결함이 심한 것으로 나타났다. 선로잇기 검사와 카드분류 검사로 측정된 계획능력의 경우, 선로잇기 검사 B의 오류 수에서 혼합형 아동의 수행 결함이 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 카드분류 검사에서는 ADHD 아동의 수행이 정상아동에 비해 저조한 것으로 드러났지만, 두 하위유형간의 차이는 없었다. 작업기억능력의 경우, ADHD 아동이 정상아동에 비해 수행결함이 있는 것으로 나타났지만, 두 하위유형간의 차이는 없었다. 결론적으로 ADHD 아동이 정상아동에 비해 관리기능 결함을 보였지만, 하위 유형에 따라 명확한 구분이 이루어지는 것은 아니었고, ADHD 혼합형의 경우 억제능력의 결함이 보다 심한 것으로 나타났다

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