골프장에서 발생하는 비점오염원 유출특성 = Runoff Characteristics of Non-point Source Pollutant Loads Generated on Golf Course

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Activities on golf courses are believed to contribute to the degradation of water quality in receiving waters due to the excessive use of farm chemicals including fertilizers and pesticides. The objective of this study was to collect basic data that could explain the characteristics of non-point source (NPS) pollution discharged from a golf course. Twenty seven water quality monitoring was conducted at a golf course during the rainy season of 2008 and 2009. The results indicated that the ranges of the Event Mean Concentration (EMC) at the golf course were BOD5 1.8~11.3 (ave. 5.6) mg/L, CODMn 19.2~51.4 (ave. 39.6) mg/L, TOC 11.0~31.0 (ave. 16.8) mg/L, TN 1.545~16.098 (ave. 5.623) mg/L, TP 0.230~4.528 (ave. 1.525) mg/L, and SS 2.2~57.3 (ave. 10.1) mg/L. The unit loads of the golf course estimated were BOD5 3.35 kg/km2/day, SS 6.43 kg/km2/day, CODMn 30.00 kg/km2/day, TN 4.04 kg/km2/day, TP 1.14 kg/km2/day, and TOC 12.16 kg/km2/day. Golf courses are currently classified as a grass field in which the unit loads are different from golf courses. Therefore, it was recommended that golf courses need to be separated from the grass field when the surveys and modelings for Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) development and the evaluation of TMDL implementation were performed.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 신민환, "활엽수림, 침엽수림 및 혼효림 지역의 강우시 비점오염물질 유출특성" 한국물환경학회 26 (26): 507-517, 2010

2 최용훈, "평지밭과 고랭지밭의 비점오염에 대한 분석과 비교" 한국물환경학회 25 (25): 682-688, 2009

3 환경부, "토지피복지도 제작지침안"

4 이용두, "초음파를 이용한 골프장 저류지의 조류제거" 한국수처리학회 16 (16): 65-72, 2008

5 산림청, "임업통계연보"

6 환경부, "수질오염총량관리 업무편람"

7 환경부, "수질오염공정시험법"

8 원철희, "산림과 밭 지역 강우 유출수의 EMC 및 원단위 산정" 한국물환경학회 25 (25): 615-623, 2009

9 환경부, "비점오염원 조사연구사업 보고서" 1995

10 신동석, "비점오염원 원단위 개정을 위한 조사연구 방향" 한국물환경학회 23 (23): 429-434, 2007

11 환경부, "물환경관리 기본계획"

12 신민환, "농업 및 산림유역의 강우유출수 유량가중평균농도 분석" 한국농공학회 49 (49): 3-9, 2007

13 최용훈, "규사광산 지역의 강우시 비점오염원의 유출분석" 한국물환경학회 26 (26): 413-419, 2010

14 서용찬, "골프장 토양 및 잔디 시료 중 유기인 및 유기염소계 농약의 동시 분석(051109-051205)" 대한환경공학회 27 (27): 1257-1262, 2005

15 허근영, "골프장 그린에서 토심별 토양 유기물 집적에 대한 미생물 분해성 평가" 한국조경학회 37 (37): 64-71, 2009

16 권영한, "골프장 건설시 환경영향 및 평가방안" 환경정 책평가연구원 2002

17 환경부, "강우유출수 조사 방법"

18 서지연, "가행광산 지역의 비점오염물질 유출특성" 한국물환경학회 26 (26): 474-481, 2010

19 Clement, A, "Use os ambient water quality data to refine emission estimates in the Danube basin" 40 (40): 35-42, 1999

20 Nebraska, "Total Maximum Daily Loads for the Big Blue River Basin(Fecal coliform and E. coli Bacteria), Nevraska Department of Environmental Quality Planning Unit" Water Quality Division 2004

21 Miller, P. S, "Statistical assessment of historical water quality data and mass load tome evolution" ASAE (012247) : 2001

22 Gupta, K, "Specific relationships for the first flush load in combined sewer flows" 30 (30): 1244-1252, 1996

23 Yaksich, S. M, "Sampling strategy for river pollutant transport. Journal of Environment Engineer" 109 : 219-231, 1983

24 U. S. EPA, "Result of the Nationwide Urban Runoff Program, Water Planning Division" Final Report 1 : 1983

25 Geiger,W, "Flushing effects in combined sewer system. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference Urban Drainage" 40-46, 1987

26 Lee, J. H, "First flush analysis of urban storm runoff" 293 : 163-175, 2002

27 Kim, L. H., "Event mean concentration and loading of litter from highways during storms" 330 : 101-113, 2004

28 Wat. Res., "Distribution of pollutant mass vs volume in stormwater discharges and the first flush phenomenon" 32 (32): 2431-2356, 1998

29 환경부, "2009년도 전국 골프장 농약사용 실태조사"