The purpose of the pastoral counselling is to explore the way to the wholeness by holistically understanding man. The wholeness is a holistic health that is similar to the individuation process of self-realization, a core psychological theory of Carl ...
The purpose of the pastoral counselling is to explore the way to the wholeness by holistically understanding man. The wholeness is a holistic health that is similar to the individuation process of self-realization, a core psychological theory of Carl G. Jung. This paper is a theoretical research and its experimental application for the correlation between the Jung's individuation and the wholeness pursuing in the pastoral counselling. It studied how to accept and apply the psychological resources, which have long been studied, to the pastoral counselling, and defined the useful relationship between the psychology and the pastoral counselling based on the communication and understanding. The ultimate goal of this study is to establish the identity of the pastoral counselling as a provider of a holistic psychological care counselling.
Chapter Ⅱ critically examined the understanding of man and the wholeness in the pastoral counselling. For the integrated personality of body, mind and soul, the wholeness comprehensively represents the holistic health that includes the sound relation with others or environment, clear professionalism and the spiritual health. It can be interpreted as a concept wider than the contrary terms of disease and scarcity in a specific category(level).
Chapter Ⅲ studied the meaning, process, limitation and criticism of Jung's individuation. The individuation is a process towards the wholeness, not a state. It continues throughout life, being accelerated in the twilight years. The individuation is to differentiate oneself as a unique, complete and permanent personality by integrating the consciousness with the unconsciousness. However, there is a limit to the psychological individuation. Not everyone reaches the individuation, not all unconscious is recognized, and not all archetype of individual is clearly interpreted under the assumption of the collective unconsciousness. The theological alternative of criticism was suggested to overcome such limitations of individuation. For the theological review and insight, this alternative proposed the spirituality that was demonstrated in the Theory of self-realization by Paul Tillich who maintained the theology of death.
Chapter Ⅳ was a theoretical research and its experimental application for the correlation between individuation and wholeness. The result of the theoretical research showed that there was a correlation between individuation and wholeness, because the Jung's individuation was characterized by the spiritual care that would draw the positive aspects from the consciousness integrated with the insight of the unconscious. The result indicated that the Jung's psychology could meet with and sufficiently be accepted by the christianity. Based on the result of the theoretical research, I carried out the “Survey of the Individuation and Wholeness.” The tool used for this survey was a questionnaire in which all questions were objectively structured in content and type. This survey evaluated the competency that was able to realize the holistically sound potential, which allowed a high definition for those who actively led a fruitful and rewarding life.
The survey results were verified by the Frequency Analysis for the general background, the Principle Component Analysis for the reliability and feasibility, the Independent t-Test and One Way Anova for the difference of factors between independent groups, and the Correlation Analysis between the individuation and wholeness. The cronbach alpha reliability of the results showed more than .6 in both groups. The self in relation in the subordinate factors of the individuation and the wholeness showed the highest positive correlation of r = .723 (p < .01). All subordinate factors were found to be positively correlated between the individuation and the wholeness.
This study suggested the possibility that the acceptance of the Jung's individuation could contribute to upgrading the level of the wholeness, and demonstrated that establishing the pastoral counselling-specific identity, maintaining the useful relation between theology and psychology, and accepting the Jung's theory in the pastoral counselling were possible to the extent of not loosing the theological and biblical bases.
The pastoral counselling shall be a preventative care and counselling that pursues the sound individuation to achieve the wholeness, instead of simply solving the superficial problems and centering on the pathological psychotherapy. This study shall further be developed to a scientific study that generally quantifies the Jung's individuation process that shall be applied to the counselling and psychotherapy for the defined holistic care and growth. Now is the time for us to understand the psychology and theology in view of the totality, and integrate the psychology into the theology, particularly in the pastoral counselling.