학습장애 위험아동 조기선별척도의 유용성 검증 = Verification of Utility of Early Screening Scale for Children At-Risk for Learning Disabilities

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to verify utility of the scale. This study is composed of the three parts. To verify utility of the scale, discriminative validity, evaluate predictive validity, and discriminatory power were computed. For this, kindergarten teacher rated children using the scale and, tested the 86 children’ 1st-grade academic achievement a year later. The results from this study are as following: To evaluate discriminative validity, scores on academic achievement (1st grader) were compared among four groups classified by the scale (kindergartener). In this analysis, there were statistically meaningful differences among four groups on the total score and all sub-tests. To evaluate predictive validity, the relationship between the scale score in kindergarten and the academic achievement score in 1st grade was investigated. In this analysis, there was a negative correlation between two tests. To investigate the discriminatory power of the scale, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were computed. In this analysis, the sensitivity was .75, specificity was .97, and negative value was .98, which were very high. The positive value was .60, which were higher than previous scales. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that children at-risk for learning disabilities can be screened in kindergarten.
Therefor, early screening instruments for children with learning disabilities should be developed as soon as possible.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 1차 연구를 통해 문항 개발 및 타당도와 신뢰도가 검증된 학습장애 위험아동 조기선별척도의 유용성을 2차로 검증함으로써 학습장애 위험아동 조기선별 도구로서의 활용 가능성을 검증하고학습장애 조기선별을 위한 연구의 기초적 자료로 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 학습장애 위험아동 조기선별척도의 유용성을 검증하기 위해 변별 타당도, 예측 타당도, 판별력을 산출하였다. 이를 위해 7세 아동을대상으로 학습장애 조기선별척도를 평정한 후, 1년 뒤 초등학교 1학년 시기에 추적이 가능한 86명 아동의 학업성취도를 평가하여 학습장애 조기선별척도의 유용성을 검증하였다. 첫째, 학습장애 위험아동 조기선별척도의 변별 타당도를 검증하기 위해 학습장애 위험아동 조기선별척도 점수에 의해 분류된75%ile 이상 집단과 25%ile 이하 집단 간 학업성취 점수를 비교하였다. 분석 결과, 총점과 모든 영역에서집단 간 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 학습장애 위험아동 조기선별척도의 예측 타당도를 검증하기 위해 유치원기의 학습장애 위험아동 조기선별척도 점수와 학령기의 학업성취도 점수 간의 관계를 알아보았다. 분석 결과, 두 검사 간에 부적 상관관계가 나타났다. 셋째, 학습장애 위험아동 조기선별척도의 판별력을 알아보기 위해 민감도, 특이도, 부적 예측값, 정적 예측값을 알아보았다. 분석 결과, 민감도는 .75, 특이도는 .97, 부적 예측값은 .98로 매우 높게 나타났으며, 정적 예측값은 .60으로 중등도 수준이지만 기존의선별척도보다 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 학습장애 선별척도를 통한 학습장애 위험아동조기선별의 가능성을 제시하여 준다. 앞으로 학습장애를 조기에 선별하기 위한 연구가 더 활성화되어 현장에서 학습장애를 선별할 수 있는 다양한 도구가 개발되어야 할 것이며, 이를 위해 본 연구의 결과를 기초적 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

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