The Covert Objective of YMBA (1906-1920) and Its Activities

국문 초록 (Abstract)

영국과의 세 차례 전쟁에서 패배한 미얀마는 1886년 영국의 식민지로 전락한다. 1906년 청년불교도연맹(Young Men’s Buddhist Association, 이하 YMBA, 활동기간 1906-1920년)은 버마 민족의 권익을 위해 영국령 미얀마에서 반영(反英)운동을 전개하는 최초의 단체로 조직되었다. YMBA는 버마사회의 바탕을 이루는 불교도를 고용하여 당시 경제적 상권을 장악하고 있던 인도인과 중국인 등 외래동양인들과 행정적 우위를 독점하고 있던 서양인들로부터 받는 경제적, 사회적, 문화적 압박으로부터 버마인을 해방시킬 것을 합법적으로 요구하는 등의 활동을 전개했다. 기존 연구에서는 불교도를 기초로 하여 여러 활동을 전개함으로써 YMBA는 종교적, 애국적 활동 및 사회경제적 개혁을 위해 조직된 연맹이라는 제한적 시각으로 분석되었다.
YMBA의 결정 및 요구사항에 관한 사료에 근거하여, 본고는 이 연맹이 감추고 있었던 원래의 설립 목적을 다뤄볼 것이다. 실제로 YMBA는 여러 활동을 통하여 외국인의 식민지배하에 있는 버마인들에게 근대 교육 기회를 제공하여 억압받는 삶의 질을 향상시키는데 주력하였다는 사실을 본고에서 밝히고자 한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Defeated in three wars with the British, Burma fell under the British colonial administration from 1886. In 1906, the Young Men’s Buddhist Association (1906-1920) emerged as a leading group in campaigning against the British Government in British Burma for the rights of the Burmese nationals. The YMBA, employing Buddhism as a common base of the Burmese society, protected the Burmese, promoting various cultural aspects including education, and made demands legally for the release form economic, social and cultural oppressions by foreigners such as Indians and Chinese who had economic power and westerners who had administrative power and were in dominant position in British Burma. As it based on the Buddhism and did these activities, this led to the restrictive views that the YMBA was an association which did religious and patriotic activities, and socio-economic reformation.
Based on the analysis of document on its decisions and demands, this article will deal with covert objective of this association. In doing so, this paper emphasizes that the YMBA participated in the patriotic activities or socio-economic reforms with covert objective that to give Burmese modern education and to foster the way how to live in colonial society for the Burmese who was oppressed by Europeans and Asians, mainly Chinese and Indians.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract
• Ⅰ. Introduction
• Ⅱ. Young Men’s Buddhist Association
• Ⅲ. Education: The Knowledge to Survive in Colonial Society
• Ⅳ. Culture: The Way to Survive in Colonial Society
• Ⅴ. Conclusion
• References
• 국문초록

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