데미스토클레스와 아리스테이데스 = Themistokles and Aristeides

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

During the Persian War, the most outstanding statesmen in Athenai were Themistokles and Aristeides.
Themistokles perceived that a main disadvantage of the Persian forces lay in the fact that their supply routes had to depend upon their naval forces. Thus he was convinced that the necessary condition for winning the war was to build a large fleet to control the sea. According to his conviction, he made Peiraieus a naval port, built the fleet, made the walls of Athenai and then fortified Peiraieus.
Aristeides on the other hand succeeded in bringing about the Delian League. This was a league of sea-states founded upon the pledge that each sea-state was to contribute warships to the common fleet. For this purpose Aristeides assigned to the sea-states phoros, the amount of which was determined by the resources of the individual state.
Themistokles and Aristeides made the ostrakismos law and ostracised the important persons of the pro-Persian party, and helped the Athenian state unite more firmly. However, the ostrakismos had already been used by the anti-Persian leaders as a weapon of their party. Their intended purpose was to save Athenai and Greece, using patriotism. For such a purpose, the removal of their rivals was a necessary step.
In addition, Themistokles and Aristeides reformed the system of appointing the archonship. through this reform, the Athenian people were able to draw on the capabilities of their generals and statesmen as much as possible. The reform was intended to improve the political and military efficiency in the face of a Persian attack.