In this study, three panels made with active particle loading method(APLM) that can filter the intrinsic charge to mass ratio() values of the charged particles loading into the cell and one that is not made with APLM. The APLM waveform has applied the...
In this study, three panels made with active particle loading method(APLM) that can filter the intrinsic charge to mass ratio() values of the charged particles loading into the cell and one that is not made with APLM. The APLM waveform has applied the previously studied DC waveform and the improved RAMP waveform. Electronic paper consumes little power when maintaining the image. This is characterized by memory effects as the charged particles are attached to the electrodes due to image force. In other words, the driving voltage applied to the panel is advantageous for a step wave that can be applied by separating the voltage for the loading particle to float on the neutral fluid after overcoming the image force and the voltage for the moving of the floating charging particle in the fluid. In this study, all samples were applied to a step waveform that could distinguish voltages in two stages, not pulse waveforms. The characteristics of white charged particles were compared by conducting an experiment with the reflectivity and the drift current in the four driving conditions. Typically, when the condition C1 (a = 1 second, b = 9 seconds) is applied to each sample, the charge of the charged particles that have moved at one time is compared through the floating current output due to the movement of the white charged particles injected into the cell. The of the panel (#1) not manufactured with APLM is 4.805 , the of the panel (#2) manufactured by applying the DC waveform for 10 seconds is 4.872 , and the of the panel (#3) manufactured by applying the RAMP waveform for 5 seconds is 4.631 , and the of the panel (#4) manufactured by applying the RAMP waveform for 10 seconds is 5.464 . #4 has a higher charge of charged particles moving at one time than other samples. This showed the same characteristics in other driving conditions. When driving conditions for each sample are applied, the ratio of the white charged particles occupying the upper electrode changes with time. When external light was incident on the upper substrate, the reflected light was measured. The response time of the panels were compared in condition C1. The rising time of #1 is 1.59 seconds, the rising time of #2 is 1.706 seconds, the rising time of #3 is 1.853 seconds, and the rising time of #4 is 1.235 seconds. #4 has faster rising time than other samples. This showed the same characteristics in other driving conditions. In addition, the reflectivity of white charged particles was compared by applying the same drive voltage to all samples. At this time, the average reflectivity of #1 to 3 was measured at about 30%. However, #4 was measured more than twice the reflectivity of the remaining samples. As a result, it was confirmed that the white charged particles of all samples were relatively more activated when condition C1 was applied under the four driving conditions. In other words, the panel characteristics are improved. In addition, the #4 produced from the improved APLM waveform confirmed that panel characteristics improved in all driving conditions compared to other samples. In other words, #4 is considered to have improved panel properties due to relatively large loading of white charged particles with large q/m values. Improved APLM waveforms that reduce power consumption by half compared to existing APLM waveforms can improve panel characteristics.
The results of this study are expected to contribute to the optimization of improved APLM waveforms that efficiently filtering the charged particles that determine the characteristics of the panel and driving waveforms that efficiently activate the charged particles.