붉은점모시나비의 국내 분포정보 및 생태적 특성 조사 = Distributional Data and Ecological Characteristics of Parnassius bremeri Bremer in Korea

국문 초록 (Abstract)

붉은점모시나비의 국내 서식지를 확인하기 위하여 기존에 알려진 채집지와 표본자료, 그리고 실재 잔존 발생지로 알려진 경남 남부지방을 조사한 결과 경남 고성군과 의령군 2개소에서 발생이 재확인되었으며, 이 외에 조사기간 중 강원도 삼척에서 대량 서식지가 발견되었다. 종의 보전을 위한 복원계획 수립을 위해 대량사육기술 개발이 필요하므로 생활사 등 생태적 특성을 위한 기초조사를 실행하였다. 성충의 출현 시기는 5월 중순에서 6월 말까지였다. 산란은 기주식물 외에 주변의 마른 나뭇잎 등에도 하였으며, 암컷 한 마리당 127개까지 산란하였다. 늦은 봄에 산란된 난은 220여 일의 난 기간을 보내고 1월 11일부터 난각을 깨고 부화하며, 부화된 1령유충은 10여 일이 지나 섭식을 시작한다. 항온조건($25^{\circ}C$, 75% RH, l6L:8D)에서 전 유충기간은 65.7일로 각각 1령충 11.2일, 2령충 7.3일, 3령충 12.8일, 4령충 16.2일, 5령충 18.2일이었다. 용기간은 21.3일이었으며, 성충의 수명은 26.2일이었다. 산란조건을 알아보기 위하여 크기를 달리한 산란실을 만들고 각 실 당 접종수를 달리하여 시험해 본 결과 2${\times}$2${\times}$2m이상 크기의 산란실에 암컷 3+수컷 1의 비율로 넣은 경우가 가장 효과적이었다. 흡밀용 당원을 개발하기 위한 실험에서는 흑설탕구와 Fructose구에서 높은 선호도를 나타내었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was carried out to survey and confirm the occurring sites of Parnassius bremeri in Korea, and to investigate ecological characteristics to develop a mass rearing technique. In the field survey, adults were found in the two previously known sites in Gyungnam Province and another site was newly found in Samcheok, Gangwon Province. Emergence period of adults was from middle of May to middle of June. Oviposition took place on various material, including hostplant, debris, dead leaves, etc. Eggs were laid singly, up to 126.7 eggs per female. The egg-period was 221.3${\pm}$2.3 days, eggs were hatched from 11th to 22nd of January in the natural condition, and started to feed for about 10 days after hatching. Survival rate of the 1st larvae was 67.6%. Developing period of each instar in the insectary (25$^{\circ}C$, 75% RH, 16L:8D) was 11.2 days for the 1st instar, 7.3 days for 2nd, 12.8 days for 3rd, 16.2 days for 4th, and 18.2 days for 5th, and the pupal period was 21.3 days. The average longevity of adults was 26.2 days. Oviposition rate was higher in the natural condition with enough space to fly for 3♀ : 1 ♂ coupled, at least 3 ${\times}$ 3${\times}$4 m-sized room, than in smaller cage. In a comparison of the preference for visiting on sugar source, black sugar and fructose were effective.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "The survey of butterfly fauna in Mt Yeonhwa" -3, 1990

2 "The reasons of local extinction and a plan of restoration for Parnassius bremeri (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) from the locality of Okchon, Korea" 17 : 467-479, 1999

3 "The insect fauna of Mt" Univ 1990

4 "The distributional map of Korean butterflies" 517-, 1973

5 "On the study of nectar plant of Koran butterflies" Kyung Hee Univ 1988

6 "On the butterfly fauna in Changwon-ri" -5, 1992

7 "On the abnormality of wing and venation of Parnassius bremeri Bremer collected at Andong"

8 "Notes on Butterflies in Gangwon-do" -2, 1989

9 "Notes on Buterflies to be protected" -3, 1990

10 "New localities of rare species of butterflies in Korea" -7, 1937

11 "List of Butterflies of Kyunggido" -1, 1986

12 "Life history of Parnassius bremeri Bremer in Korea" Kyung Hee Univ 1973

13 "Insects of Korea I. Butterflies of Korea" KRIBB & CIS 381-, 1997

14 "Distribution of Parnassius bremeri Bremer (Lepidoptera) and Cause of its decline in South Korea" 14 : 43-48, 2001

15 "Distribution atlas of insects of Korea" Korea University Press 200-, 1976

16 "Colored Butterflies in Korea" LTD 264-, 1989

17 "Colored Butterflies in Korea" LTD 364-, 1991

18 "Collecting trip of southern part of Korea" 1938

19 "Butterfly fauna in Mt Yeonhwa" Univ 1989

20 "Butterfly fauna in Mt" -4, 1991

21 "Butterflies of Korea in Color" Kyohak Pub. Co 437-, 1997

22 "Butterflies of Korea" 125-, 1982