다층구조방정식을 적용한 사회경제적 배경, 수학 학업성취도, 성장 마인드셋의 관계 분석 : 한국과 미국 청소년의 비교 = Analysis of the Relationship Among Socioeconomic Status, Mathematical Achievement, and Growth Mindset

국문 초록 (Abstract)

경제적 수준에 따른 청소년의 학업 격차를 해결하기 위해 다양한 시도가 있었지만, 그 격차는 여전히 건재하다. 본 연구에서는 청소년의 사회경제적 배경과 수학 학업성취도 간의 관계를 성장 마인드셋이 매개한다는 가설을 검정하고 문화적 배경에 따른 구조적 관계의 차이를 알아보았다. 이를 위해 PISA 2018의 한국과 미국 청소년 자료를 사용하였다. 자료의 특성을 고려하여 다층 구조방정식을 분석에 활용하였으며, 국가 간 비교를 위해서는 카이제곱 차이검정을 사용하였다. 분석 결과, 성장 마인드셋은 한국의 학생 수준, 미국의 학생 및 학교 수준에서 사회경제적 배경과 수학 학업성취도의관계를 부분 매개하였다. 더불어 차이검정 결과, 학생 수준에서 성장 마인드셋이 수학 성취도에 미치는 영향과 학교 수준에서 사회경제적 지위가 성장 마인드셋과 수학 성취도에 미치는 영향을 추정한 경로에서 국가 간 차이가 있음을 밝혔다. 논의 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구가 지니는 시사점과 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

There have been various attempts to resolve the adolescents’ academic achievement gap caused by socioeconomic status, but the gap is still in good. The current study tested the hypothesis that growth mindset mediates the relationship between the socioeconomic status and mathematical academic achievement of adolescents. The difference in a structural relationship according to cultural background was also investigated. PISA 2018 was used to test the hypothesis. In consideration of the characteristics of the data, multilevel structural equation modeling was used for analysis, and the chi-square difference test was used for comparison between countries. As a result, growth mindset partially mediated the relationship between socioeconomic status and mathematic academic achievement at the student level in Korea and the student and school level in the United States. In addition, it was revealed that there are differences between countries in the path of estimating the effect of growth mindset on math achievement at the student level and the effect of socioeconomic status on growth mindset and math achievement at the school level. Based on the analysis results, the implications of this study and suggestions for subsequent studies were presented.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 서론 2. 이론적 배경 3. 연구 방법 4. 연구 결과 5. 결론 및 논의

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