대중교통 통행배정을 위한 일반화비용 추정 = An Estimation of Generalized Cost for Transit Assignment

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper addressed the issue of a generalized cost model for transit assignment. The model composed of walk time, waiting time (including transfer waiting time), line-haul time, transfer walk time, and fare. The weights of each component were supposed to be calculated using the stated preference (SP) data, which were collected prudently in order to reflect reality. The marginal rate of substitution and wage rate were applied to calculate the weights. The results showed that the weight of walking time per in-vehicle travel time (IVTT) was 1.507, the weight of waiting time (per IVTT) was 1.749, that of transfer time (per IVTT) was 1.474, and that of fare (per IVTT) was 1.476 for trips between inner-city areas in Seoul. Weights for each component were identified as 1.871, 1.967, 1.015, and 0.857, respectively, for trips between Seoul and Gyeonggi. Statistical significance existed between two cases and each variable was also statistically significant. Transit assignment using the relative weights estimated in this study was implemented to analyze the travel index in a macroscopic and quantitative basis. The results showed that average total travel times were 30.23 minutes and 63.29 minutes and average generalized costs were 2,510 won and 3,880 won for trips between inner-city areas in Seoul and between Seoul and Gyeonggi, respectively.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 대중교통 통행배정을 위한 수단 및 경로선택의 기준으로서 도보시간, 대기시간(환승대기시간 포함), 차내시간, 환승시간(환승도보시간), 요금 및 각 요소별 가중치로 구성된 일반화비용 모형을 제시하였다. 모형의 정산을 위해 현실상황에 직면하도록 설계된 선호도 조사를 실시하여 자료를 수집/분석 하였으며, 한계대체율 및 임금율법을 적용하여 일반화비용 모형의 각 변수별 가중치를 도출하였다. 그 결과 서울시내간 통행의 경우 차내시간 대비 도보시간의 가중치는 1.507, 대기시간은 1.749, 환승시간은 1.474, 요금은 1.476이며, 서울경기간의 경우, 각각 1.827, 1.967, 1.015, 0.857로 도출되었다. 통계검정 결과 두 모형간에는 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 각 변수는 유의미 한 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과를 활용, 서울시 대중교통체계 개편 이후의 통행지표를 거시적ㆍ정량적으로 분석한 결과 서울시내간, 서울경기간 평균총통행시간은 30.23분, 63.29분으로 나타났으며, 일반화비용은 각각 2,510원, 3,880원으로 추정되었다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "＂서서울시 지하철 이용객의 환승 관련 변수의 가치 추정 (선호의식(SP) 및 현시선호(RP) 분석을 이용)" 대한교통학회 18 (18): 19-30, 2000

2 "환승역사의 동선체계를 고려한 환승패널티 추정: 서울시 지하철 사례" 서울대학교 대학원 17-34, 2004

3 "통행목적별 수단별 통행시간가치도출 및 유의성 검정" 대한교통학회 17 (17): 113-129, 1999

4 "용량을 고려한 대중교통 통행배정모형 구축에 관한 연구" 서울대학교 대학원 2000

5 "서울시 대중교통요금체계개편사업의 추진내용 및 시행효과" 대한교통학회 2 (2): 127-141, 2005

6 "Travel Demand Modeling with TransCAD 4.7" 2005

7 "Theory and Application to Travel Demand" MIT Press 1985

8 "The Value of Time Spent in Travelling reprinted in Beesly Studies in Economic Policy" Butter- worths eco (eco): 19751975

9 "The Choice Theory Approach to Marketing Research" 1987

10 "Guide to Forecasting Travel Demand with Direct Utility Assessment" 1982

11 "Choice of Travel Mode for the Journey to Work Journal of Transport Economics and Policy" 1967

12 "Calibration of The Aggregate Transit Assignment Model of EMME/2 Using Genetic Algorithm" University of Toronto 2003

13 "Assessment of Intermodal Transfer Penalties Using Stated Preference Data" 1607 : 74-80, 1997

14 "An Evaluation of the Use of Stated Preference and Transfer Price Data in Forecasting the Demand for Travel University of Leeds" 1987

15 "Alternative Estimators and Sample Designs for Discrete Choice Analysis" MIT Press 1981

16 "A New Assignment Model For Transit Networks" 1989