기초자치단체의 행정서비스전달체계 개선방안 = A Study on the Improvement the Public Service Delivery System in Korean Local Government

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Korean government has made a great effort to improve the public service delivery system for the efficient delivery system of public service would not only raise the competence and competitiveness of the government, but also it is considered as a key element to regain the trust of the people. The previous policy reform proposals have put most emphasis on providing convenience for citizens, and the policies were uniformly applied to all types of governments, without consideration of their features, such as urban or rural nature. Accordingly, those policy reform proposals failed to reflect the differences among diverse local governments. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an efficient public service delivery system reflecting the variables which might influence the supply of assorted public services. This article endeavors to propose a public service delivery system applying the differences emanated from the distinctive types of local governments. The four sorts of local governments are taken into account in this article: local governments in urban areas, in urban and rural consolidated areas, in rural areas, and in peculiar areas; the types of public service covered in this article are limited to public complaint and issuance of public documents, social service, public health service, water and sewerage service, culture and physical training. The analysis of this article is focused on the delivery method, organization and process of public services. The reform proposal of public service delivery system for the local governments in urban areas is as follows: service for civil complaint and issuance of public documents can be improved by introducing automatic public document issuance system (like an automated teller machine, ATM) and by opening a "nighttime window for public complaints"; social service and public health service can be bettered off by using affluent private resources in urban area, to build up a public-private partnership so as to manage the integrated system of social and public health services; the delivery system of culture and physical training would be augmented by utilizing private facilities and consigning the management of governmental facilities for culture and physical training to private and civil(and cultural) organizations; the sewerage service delivery can be improved by dividing performance of the service areas: a service area of local governments, which would oversee and direct the industrial wastewater, and a service area for private corporations, which would maintain, repair, and administer the sewage facilities, and reprocess and redischarge the wastewater. The reform proposal for local governments in urban and rural consolidated areas, is as follows: the local government in this area should provide Eup·Myun·Dong(basic level of local governments)-centered-public services, and if those basic level local governments are not capable of performing public services, the main office of the city or county government should introduce "quick delivery" system to supply the public services; the social service delivery should be consigned to the private company which would provide a field-based-service, enhancing public accessibility; the local public health service center should be empowered to take a principal role to improve public health service delivery; water service system would be enhanced by switching the current service system of a personal visit into a telephone, fax, or internet application system; culture and physical training should be consigned to a private company for the efficient service delivery and management. The reform proposal of public service delivery system for local governments in rural areas is as follows: an rural area with sparse population should introduce "quick delivery" system to provide a public document service; the social service delivery system should be switched from the existing individual visit system into an integrated visit system, and particularly in an area of sparse population, the establishment of administrative Myun is recommended in order to constitute a strategic base; the service of public health, and culture and physical training can be improved by converting the existing supply system by separate organizations into the private consignment system or local government partnership in order to provide the public services jointly; the current dualistic water service system, the general water service on the one hand and the water supply service for basic local governments on the other hand, should be consigned to private parties: the water supply for large rural local governments(Gun) should be consigned to a unitary private company, while for smaller, depopulated local governments, joint private consignment is advisable. The reform proposal of public service delivery system for the local governments in peculiar areas is as follows: civil complaint and public document service would be improved by introducing the following systems, such as public complaint guardian service, visiting service, agent service systems; social service delivery would be enhanced by converting the current, respective government-centered-service delivery system to an integrated service delivery system, and by building a public-private partnership network; public health service would be also progressed by switching the existing government-centered-supply system into a public-private partnership system; the consolidated delivery system of water and sewerage services should be converted from the local government-centered-supply to again the delivery system by the public-private partnership, and the sewerage service and the water supply service should be managed separately; the services of culture and physical training need also a paradigm shift from the idea that a local government must initiate and direct those services to the idea that the partnership of civil, public and private parties work together for improving the services and the delivery of them.