Reading Cultural Symbolism of Urban Landscape: Identity, Memory and Ideology in Youido Square

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Youido Square is not only a symbolic landscape where the dominant ideology of an authoritarian state is represented, but also a space where national and local identity are historically articulated through its multi-layered discursive structures. The aim of this study is to examine how Youido Square, constructed originally as a kind of monumental landscape, has transformed with the years into a representative site for oppositional political activities, and ultimately citizen?s resting place-Youido Park. I explore how the material appropriation and physical modification in the Square are related to the transformation of a landscape?s symbolism. The ideological history of the Square represents attempts to inscribe the dominant images and meanings on the landscape and it also explains how landscape reproduces cultural/social practices involving the construction of social identities. Although state power scored in making official memory and a fascist national identity into the dominant meaning, the Square?s openness to routine appropriation enabled local memory/identity to be manifested and contested.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Atkinson, D, "Urban rhetoric and embodied identities City nation and empire at the Vittorio Emanuele II monument in Rome 1870-1945" 88 (88): 28-49, 1998

2 On collective memory, "University of Chicago Press" 1992

3 Mitchell, "University of Chicago Press" 1994

4 "Tiananmen Square and the politics of place" 395-420, 1993

5 Gillis, "The politics of national identity" Prinston University Press 1992

6 and Ranger T, "The invention of tradition" Cambridge University Press 1983

7 Ed, "The interpretation of ordinary landscapes" Oxford University Press 1979

8 Sohn, J, "The history of urban planning in Seoul" Hill and Wang 2003

9 Mitchell, D, "The end of public space Peoples park definitions of the public and democracy" 85 (85): 108-133, 1995

10 Duncan, "The city as text The politics of landscape interpretation in the Kandyan Kingdom" Cambridge University Press 1990

11 Bell, J, "Redefining national identity in Uzbekistan symbolic tensions in Tashikent?s official public landscape" 6 (6): 183-213, 1999

12 Deusen V, "Public space design as class warfare Urban design the right to the city and the production of Clinton Square" 58 : 149-158, 2002

13 Withers, C, "Place memory monument Memorializing the past in contemporary Highland Scotland" 3 : 325-344, 1996

14 Keith, "Place and the politics of identity" 1993

15 Jackson, "Identity and the politics of difference Constructions of place and Nation" UCL Press 202-210, 1993

16 Hutton, "History as an art of memory University of Vermont; Hanover University Press of New England" 1993

17 Heffernan, "For ever England: The western front and the politics of remembrance in Britain" 2 (2): 293-324, 1995

18 Cosgrove, "Culture and symbolism in human landscape Horizons in human geography" Macmillan Education 118-135, 1989

19 Charlesworth, "Contesting places of memory the case of Auschwitz" 579-93, 1994

20 Jin, Jong Heon, "Contested urban landscape and the transformation of the official discourse of the nation The demolition of the government general building of Choson" 39 (39): 15-30, 2005

21 Osborne, B, "Constructing landscapes of power The George Etienne Cartier monument" 24 (24): 431-458, 1998

22 Johnson, N, "Cast in stone Monument geography and nationalism" 13 : 51-65, 1995

23 Harvey D, "Annals of the Association of American Geographers 69" 362-81, 1979