야간고등학교(여자상업) 학생들의 청소년문화에 대한 문화인류학적(文化人類學的) 현장연구(現場硏究) - 미래관과 근로관을 중심으로- = An Ethnographical Action Research on Adolescent Life and Ethos of the Evening High School Students

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

1. The purpose of this action research is to find out the values of the students of an evening girls’ high school: how their value systems and professional senses are formulated.
2. In view of increasing population of the adolescent laborers in Korean society, it is greatly needed to find out their attitudes and readiness for occupation.
3. In order to achieve the purpose of the research, Y Evening Girls’ High School was selected as an sample institution. The reasons are as follows: the first is that the teacher trainees of Soongsil University have been sent to the institution for many years on friendly terms. The second is that the particular interests of the researchers are concerned, especially the coresearcher, Heewon Chang has completed her Ph.D. in Ethnography at the University of Oregon, Oregon, U.S.A. 1989. In her work on the dissertation: “American High School Adolescent life and Ethos: an Ethography,” Chang eagerly wanted to do a similar research on the Korean students in Korea, and to compare Korean students with American students.
4. Various data are collected for this research: primarily on the basis of the Participant Observation and Ethnographic Interviews, and secondarily, on the basis of a Learning- Habits Test, Questionnaire Form, Curriculum and other administrative references. Two different methods of analysis-qualitative method for the primary data and quantitative for the secondary data―have been used.
5. The theoretical background of this research is socialization: (1) a definition and characteristics of socialization, (2) theories of socialization, (3) four characteristics of adolescent behavior, and (4) the important effect each student’s life both at home and at school has on his/her becoming a mature person in the society.
6. The main body of this research is the description of the adolescent life and ethos; through participant observation and ethnographical interview, the findings of the primary sources of their behaviors show their characteristics.
Finding I : Academic achievement oriented way of thinking: Because of generally low standards of their academic records in middle school, they had no choice but to attend evening school. It has given them an inferiority complex. Therefore, eager to get a job upon graduation, they have to make desperate efforts to obtain good grades in high school.
Finding II : Other―directed and dependent way of thinking: They are heavily dependent on their parents (mother or other related person) economically, and are dependent on friends for help to share their needs, and also have the illusory hope of depending upon a spouse for their future marital life.
Finding III : The way of life is uniformly becoming as a nominalist and a fatalist.
Suggestions:
1) As they put great emphasis on the result of the evaluation of academic achievement, evening school students are becoming more acutely sensitive in their inferiority complex and in the trends of materialism. Therefore, various sustaining efforts should be provided on the part of the school and parents for the students’ building up preferable attitudes.
2) A bright vision of the future has to be given to the students by developing their potentialities in all aspects of school activities.