As laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) has got a spotlight due to its advantage of saving cost and time for building complex structures, the L-PBF have been widely studied for industrial applications. However, there still remain critical challenges and is...
As laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) has got a spotlight due to its advantage of saving cost and time for building complex structures, the L-PBF have been widely studied for industrial applications. However, there still remain critical challenges and issues in the L-PBF technique in terms of quality assurance and low properties. During the process, a laser selectively melts spread powders layer-by-layer, and therefore there arise complex interactions between melt pool, particles, and previous tracks/layers because of rapid heating and cooling cycles. The process makes it hard to predict qualities and properties of as-built parts. Therefore, the desirable processing conditions in the L-PBF have been explored via a trial-and-error effort, which requires substantial cost and time. Therefore, in this study, a systematic and integrated method to design the process and high-performance additively-manufactured (AM) structures were suggested through an empirical and numerical modeling.
Firstly, the effect of qualities and properties of as-built 17-4 PH stainless steel (SS) were investigated to empirically understand the process and explore the way to improve mechanical properties. Densification, thermal deformation, and anisotropic properties of as-built and heat-treated parts were comprehensively investigated.
Secondly, the L-PBF process was optimized based on printability maps of 17-4 PH SS. The qualities, properties, resolution, and productivity were the considerations for determining the processing conditions in building complex structures with the desirable qualities and properties. Particularly, a microscale process was deeply investigated via a thermal-fluid simulation model
Thirdly, the complex structures such as bio-inspired or meta-structures were manufactured with the optimum conditions for the L-PBF process. Multi-performances of the structures were carefully explored via several tests with respect to a lightweight, high specific stiffness/strength, noise/vibration reduction, heat dissipation, and thermal insulation.
The works could give a guideline of the design of material-process-structures in the L-PBF, and therefore AM technique is expected to achieve technological advances by overcoming the aforementioned challenges.