전후 담론에 나타난 ‘고도성장’의 표상 - 가토 노리히로의 「아메리카의 그늘」을 중심으로 - = The Representation of the National Identity in the High-Growth Period of Japan - Focusing on The Shadow of America by Norihiro Kato -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

本論文は批評家の加藤典洋が展開した戦後談論で、戦後日本をどのように認識しているかを考察した。彼の批評「アメリカの影-高度成長下の日 本」は、1980年代バブル経済の好況期という日本の政治的、国際的環境の中で登場した。江藤淳の批評に対する分析から、加藤が自分自身の批評を始めると点で興味深い。 加藤の戦後ナショナル・アイデンティティーの新しい構築に向けた視線は、1960年代以降日本の「高度成長期」をどう認識するかから出発する。加藤は、日本社会が高度成長を通じて経済的自立を成し遂げたにもかかわらず、依然として政治的には米国の影響下にあると認識している。この認識は江藤の戦後観と非常に似ているが、同一ではない。両方とも、日本の新しいナショナル・アイデンティティーを再構築しようとする欲望が批評の原動力であること、西欧体験を通じて西欧を相対化している点、戦後日本と「米国」という他者を不可分の関係として設定する点では同じである。しかしながら、加藤の場合は、日米関係に「アジア」という、もう一つの軸を設定し、日米一辺倒の関係に亀裂をもたらすという点で異なるといえる。にも関わらず、一国ナショナリズムに収斂する点で限界も明らかで、1980年代の新しいナショナル・アイデンティティーの構築の様相を加藤の批評から読み取ることができる。

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article analyzed how Japan was recognized and rebuilt in the 1980s discourse by Norihiro Kato, who appeared 40 years after World War II. Kato Norihiro’s literary criticism, The Shadow of America: Japan under High Growth(1985) was published in the 1980s, the economic boom. Interestingly, Kato begins his own criticism from Jun Eto (1932-1997) of his analysis of high-growth period literature.
This article analyzed Kato’s discourse on criticism of Eto and considered his perception of postwar Japan. Kato’s view on building a new national identity after the war began with the recognition of Japan’s high-growth period since the 1960s. He recognizes that despite the fact that the Japanese society has achieved economic independence through high growth, he is still politically influenced by the United States. This perception is very similar to Eto’s postwar view, but not the same. Both are identical in terms of the desire to build a new national identity in postwar Japan and this is the driving force of criticism, the relativization of Western Europe through Western experiences, and the relationship between Japan and the United States after World War II. However, in the case of Kato, it can be said that Japan- U.S. relations are different in that it creates a split between Japan and the United States by setting up another axis called “Asia.” In this respect, it may be said that Kato’s criticism is how the new national identity was built in the 1980s.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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2 네이버 시사상식사전, "일본 교과서 파동"

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5 "日교과서 시비는 內政간섭"

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10 조정민, "小田實의 ‘미국’ - 『무엇이든 보겠다(何でも見てやろう)』를 중심으로 -" 동북아시아문화학회 1 (1): 361-378, 2008

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15 "[餘錄]韓國經濟발전 日植民地때 敎育덕택"