사외이사의 연령, 근속년수, 교육배경 다양성이 기업의 전략 변화에 미치는 영향 = The Effects of Age, Tenure, and Educational Background Diversity of Independent Directors on Strategic Change of the Firm

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 기업이 수행하는 다양한 전략적 의사결정 과정에서 이사회의 적극적인 참여를 요구하는 전략적 역할에 초점을 두어 이사회 내 사외이사의 다양성과 기업의 전략변화와의 관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 사외 이사의 연령 다양성과 같은 인구 통계학적 다양성과 근속년수 다양성, 교육배경 다양성과 같은 과업 관련 다양성이 기업의 전략변화에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 2001년도부터 2010년까지 한국 증권거래소(KSE)에 상장된 3610개의 기업을 대상으로 실증 분석을 한 결과 사외이사의 교육배경 다양성과 전략변화는 정적인 관계를 갖는 반면, 사외 이사의 연령 다양성과 근속년수 다양성은 전략변화와 부적인 관계를 가짐이 검증되었다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 기업의 전략적 의사 결정이 기업 내부 경영진의 독점적인 영역이라는 시각을 벗어나, 이사회 구성원들도 기업의 전략 수립과 변화에 중요한 주체라는 점을 제시하고 있다. 더 나아가 이사회의 전략적 참여가 통제 역할 또는 서비스 역할과도 같이 적극적이고도 중요한 이사회 역할 형태로서 기업의 생존과 성장에 핵심요소임을 제시 하고 있다. 본 연구는 그 동안의 선행연구에서 실증연구가 부족한 분야를 보완함과 동시에 미래연구에 대한 새로운 방향을 제시하고 있다. 기관투자자, 주주, 정부와 같은 다양한 기업 이해관계자뿐만 아니라 기업의 입장에서도 더 효과적인 전략적 의사 결정을 위해 이사회의 적극적인 참여가 요구 되는 현 상황 속에서 이사회 내 특히 사외이사의 다양성이 기업의 전략적 행동에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 목적과 의의가 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Boards of directors are recognized as having the potential to influence strategic changes in organizations. However, there is considerable debate regarding the strategic role of the board. Our study explores how diversity among independent directors (measured in terms of tenure diversity, age diversity, and educational background diversity) affects strategic changes of the firm. By utilizing a random sample of 361 firms drawn from 16 industries in Korea over the 2001–2010 time period, the results show that educational background diversity is positively related to strategic changes while tenure and age diversity is negatively related to strategic changes. Our study concludes with a discussion of these findings and implications for future research.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• <요약>
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경과 가설의 설정
• Ⅲ. 연구방법
• Ⅳ. 분석 결과
• Ⅴ. 결론
• 참고문헌

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