선(禪)의 대중적 기법 모색 기초연구 : 발달장애인의 부적응행동 중재(intervention)에 마음챙김기법을 응용ㆍ적용한 문헌고찰 중심으로

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 최근 그 출현율이 점차 높아지고 있는 현대사회 일반대중의 정신건강문제 및 장애의 고통을 불교 선 (禪) 의 대중적 기법으로 고안·적용하여 요익 중생 방편으로 어떻게 펼칠 것인지에 대한 방안모색의 기초자료 탐색을 목적으로 했다. 그 목적을 위한 첫 번째 연구로, 선 (禪) 에 근거하여 고안된 서양의 마음챙김 기반중재 (Mindfulness-Based Intervention, MBI) 가 (장애정도가 중증으로 여겨지는) 발달장애 인의 부적응 행동 개선에도 효과적인지에 대해 실증적으로 연구한 문헌들을 고찰 했다. 이에 대한 연구결과는 다음의 네 가지로 요약된다. 첫째, 고찰된 모든 논문 들은 MBI가 발달장애인의 부적응 행동 개선에 긍정적 효과를 나타냈다고 보고했 으며, 그에 대한 실증적 자료들을 제시하고 있다. 둘째, 각 연구마다 중재대상자의 발달특성에 맞춰 MBI의 세부내용과 실행절차를 수정·보완하여 대상자 맞춤식 (tailored to the subject) 으로 제공했다. 셋째, MBI가 중재대상자에게 최적의 서비스 인지 사전 평가하는 시스템, 그의 발달수준과 특성에 맞는 마음챙김 정의와 그에 근거한 독립변인 구성요소 설정 등에 대한 명료한 프로토콜은 아직 확립되지 않은 것으로 분석되었다. 넷째, 각 연구의 독립변인에 대한 MBI의 중재실행도 및사회적 타당도 검증을 통하여 발달장애인에게 적용된 MBI가 특정 중재자뿐만 아니라 다른 발달장애인들에게도 타당할지에 대한 평가가 실시되었다. 연구 결과는 선 (禪) 의 대중적 (worldy) 기법으로 고안된 MBI가 일반 성인 및 아동·청소년의 심리치료 방편으로뿐만 아니라, 발달장애인의 부적응 특성을 개선하는 행동중재 및 교육적 기법으로도 사용될 수 있다는 가능성을 지지하고 있다. 이는 선 (禪) 이 정신건강문제 및 장애 출현율 등으로 고통 받는 현대사회 다양한 근기의 일반대중에게 요익중생 방편으로 알맞게 적용될 수 있으며, 그구체적 방법 마련에 대한 적극적인 연구노력이 필요함을 시사하고 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study purpose is to find practical ideas on how to apply Seon (禪) in helping the regular population in modern society with mental health problems or disabilities to alleviate their suffering (苦) in daily life. Specifically, this study aimed to examine and critique, from a Buddhist meditation perspective, the practical studies of Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBI) for individuals who have autism spectrum disorders and/or intellectual disabilities to manage challenging behaviors. Fourteen studies providing evident data as its significant effects in improvement of their adaptive behaviors were reviewed and analyzed. The results showed the followings: Firstly, the evidence-based MBI was effective in managing challenging behaviors of all the subjects in the studies reviewed. Secondly, the independent variables were tailed to the subjects’developmental characteristics of the study by modifying the level of contents and its implementing procedures including facilitative materials to the subjects’intellectual and communicative characteristics. Thirdly, there were few neither integrated intervention manuals nor standard of MBI for the specific population cohort. The lack of resources include no integrated or standardized assessment systems to make a decision whether MBI is the best practice for the subject, its operant definition and the feasible application range as the independent variable for the specific population, its elements of contents and implementation methods or manual including a service provider qualification. Fourth, the effect of MBI for the subjects was strengthened by checking its treatment fidelity and social validity, which validates MBI as a promising intervention to manage challenging behaviors of individuals with developmental disabilities in different characteristics. The results suggest that Seon-inspired intervention techniques can be used in educational and therapeutic programs to manage maladaptive behaviors. This implies that Seon-inspired intervention can be applied as expedients of benefiting the regular people suffering such as of mental health problems or disabilities. Seon can be inspired in benefiting the people suffering by evidence-based developed frame in its concrete conceptualization and strategies to guide the people in practical ways.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문 초록
• I. 서론
• II. 연구방법
• 1. 문헌 검색
• 2. 연구목적에 맞는 문헌들 검색 기준
• 3. 검색된 문헌들에 대한 분석 초점
• III. 연구결과
• 1. 연구논문들의 개요
• 2. 독립변인 선정에 대한 정보
• 3. 독립변인 세부내용 및 실행에 대한 정보
• 4. 연구방법 등 기타 사항
• 5. 연구결과 요약 및 불교의 방편적 의미
• IV. 논의 및 결론
• 참고문헌
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

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