지역문화의 중요성을 강조한 공간디자인 : 광저우 지하철역을 중심으로 = Space Design Emphasizing the Importance of Local Culture - Focused on Guangzhou Metro Station

국문 초록 (Abstract)

지하철 공간은 지하 교통기능을 담당하는 공간으로 도시의 기타 공공
기관과 비교해 보면 독특한 구조와 공간 형식을 갖고 있다. 지역문화를
표현할 때 주로 지하 공간 내 각 요소에 의존하게 되며 서로 공간 요소
는 다른 디자인적 특성을 갖고 있다. 승강장, 역사, 벽면, 바닥, 천장, 기
둥, 공공예술, 공공시설 등 지하철역 공간을 통해 문화예술의 매력을 마
음껏 전시할 수 있다. 지하철역 공간을 통해 지역문화를 표현하는 과정
에 그림, 조형물, 유적, 문물, 문헌, 전설, 음악, 민요 등 해당 지역의 문
화적 특성을 대표할 수 있는 요소뿐만 아니라 더욱 중요한 것은 시대적
내용을 파악해야 하며 이러한 문화적 요소를 지하철역에 운용함과 동시
에 계승 및 발전시켜야 한다.
본 연구는 지하철역의 시각 시스템 디자인을 중심으로 지역문화 전파
에 입각하여 우선 연구 배경, 연구목적, 연구범위, 연구방법과 주제 선정
의 의의를 서술하고 국내외 관련된 선행연구에 대해 간단히 설명하였다.
다음 지하철 기호의 언어구조 및 식별 시스템을 디자인하는 과정에 ‘형
태’, ‘색채’의 특징 및 의의，’도형’, ‘문자’의 시각적 기호 특징, 기능과 이
미지 표현에 대해 서술하였다. 또한 지하철역 공간에 표현된 지역문화와
관련된 이론 및 지하철 공간 시각디자인에 있어 지역문화의 활용 원칙과
요점을 서술하였다. 지하철 공간에서의 지역문화 시각디자인에 있어 지
역의 자연환경 특징, 지역의 인문환경 등에 적합한 표현방식과 관련하여
시각디자인의 다양한 형태를 연결시킬 수 있다. 광저우 지역문화 중 영
남문화의 건축요소를 예로 들어 광저우 동역(지하철역)의 공간 시각디자
인과 결부하여 실제 응용에 대해 논술하고 마지막에 결론을 도출하였다.
이에 따라 본 연구는 도시 지역의 문화적 특징을 발굴하고 적절하게
예술적으로 표현하는 것은 지하철 교통을 발전시킴에 있어 소홀히 할 수
없는 중요한 부분이다. 본 연구의 목적은 바로 어떻게 하면 지역문화를
출발점으로 하여 지역적 특징, 시대적 특징에 적합하고 표현이 적절한지,
그리고 지역문화 특색이 있는 지하철 공간을 시각적으로 디자인할지에
대해 검토하고 특색을 잃은 지하도시가 직면한 위기를 극복함에 있어 사
고 방향을 제공하기 위함이다. 본 연구의 최종 목적은 도시 지하철 역사
내 공간의 전체적인 이미지를 향상시키고 도시가 갖고 있는 지역문화의
차별성을 보여주기 위한 그 목적이다.
연구 분석을 통하여 도출된 결론은 다음과 같다.
첫째, 지역 특색을 반영한 지하철 공간의 시각디자인에 대한 이론적
연구에서 도출한 결론이다. 지하철역 공간의 시각디자인에 있어 지역문
화를 차별화 있게 표현하는 이론적 구조를 구축하였다. 지하철역 공간의
시각디자인에 지역문화를 나타내는 데 전체적, 전반적인 시점을 가지고
기술적 기능, 사람 중심 원칙, 정신문화적 기능을 실현하는 시스템이 필
요하다. 이와 관련한 이론적 구조는 세 가지의 착안점, 두 가지의 디자인
시점 및 세 가지의 측면으로 요약하면 다음과 같다. 현지화에서 출발해
위치감을 강조하는 것과 즉각적인 심미성에서 출발해 시각 인지성을 부
각시키는 것 및 공공성에서 출발해 도시의 특색을 나타내는 것이 착안점
이다. 디자인 시점이란 공간 분위기를 조성하고 예술적 특징을 나타내는
공간 설계와 지역 특색을 부각시키고 유대감을 형성시키는 포인트인 시
각 예술을 말하는 것이다. 세 가지의 측면은 지하철의 교통 기능에 맞는
예술적 분위기를 나타내는 표층적 공간 이미지, 지하철역 소재 도시의
자연환경, 역사 맥락과 어울리는 문화적 풍모인 중간적 공간 이미지 및
대중들의 심미적, 심리적 인식에 부합하는 시대정신인 심층적 환경 이미
지를 의미한다. 이들은 지하철 교통 공간의 다양하고 온전한 가치 체제
를 구성하였다.
둘째, 지역 특색의 표현 방식에 대한 연구를 통해 도출한 디자인 방법
이다. 연구를 통해 도출한 결론 중의 하나는 지하철역 공간의 시각디자
인에 지역 특색을 나타내는 디자인 방법이다. 자연환경과의 조화, 문화
관념과의 일치, 공간 높이의 증가 및 조명의 예술화이다. 기능 중심으로
예술적으로 표현하는 것은 지하철역 공간의 시각디자인에 지역문화의 특
징을 반영하는 원칙이며 지역 특유 이미지를 이용하고 현대적인 방식으
로 풀어내야 한다. 또 다른 하나의 결론은 시각예술적 관점에서 지하철
역에서 지역문화를 표현하는 디자인 방법이다. 지하철 공간에서 시각예
술적으로 문화를 표현할 때 지켜야 할 주요 원칙은 기능 중심, 감성성,
안전성, 내구성 겸비, 수리의 편리성 및 좋은 시각 효과라고 할 수 있다.
셋째, 지역문화 표현의 패러다임에 대한 연구를 통해 도출한 결론이다.
지하철역 공간의 시각디자인에 지역문화를 표현하는 데 의거할 ‘조성 패
러다임’들이 있다. 이러한 패러다임들은 지하철역의 시각디자인에서의
지역문화 표현의 현황, 논리 및 방식을 정리한 경험이라고 할 수 있는데
동질화-표준화된 패러다임 및 개성화-공간 예술이 일체화된 패러다임으
로 나눌 수 있는 것으로 도출하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Subway space bears the function of underground transportation and
has a special structure and space form compared with other urban
public Spaces. Regional cultural expression is mainly dependent on
various elements of subway space, and there are different design
features in different spatial elements. Platforms, station halls, walls,
floors, ceilings, beams and columns, public art and public facilities,
etc, can all display the charm of culture and art. Regional culture in
the process of the expression in the subway station is not only to
seize the painting, sculpture, historic sites, cultural relics, legends,
literature, music and folk songs, such as the most can represent the
cultural characteristics of the local elements, more to hold times
connotation, realize the contemporary urban growing up pace and full
of vigor and vitality formed in the era of image, and a new era of
cultural factors, Both inheritance and development of the use of
cultural elements in the subway station.
This study focuses on the visual system design of subway and is
based on the spread of regional culture. Firstly, it summarizes the
research background, research purpose, research scope, research
method and significance of the topic, and briefly expounds the
previous research at home and abroad. Then from the subway
symbol space, subway symbol construction and identification design
of "shape", "color" characteristics and meaning, "image", "text" visual
symbol characteristics, functions, and image expression. This paper
expounds the analysis of related theories of metro station regional
culture and the application principles and key points of regional
culture in metro space visual design. The diversified forms of visual
design of metro regional culture are extended based on the
expressions of regional natural environment characteristics and
regional humanistic environment suitable for regional culture and
metro spatial visual design. Taking LingNan cultural architectural
elements in GuangZhou regional culture as an example, this paper
discusses the practical application of spatial visual design of
GuangZhou Metro East Station (subway station), and finally draws a
conclusion.
Therefore, this study believes that excavating the cultural
characteristics of urban areas and carrying out appropriate artistic
expression is an important part that cannot be ignored in the
development of subway transportation. The purpose of this study is
how local culture as a starting point, regional characteristics,
characteristics of The Times, suitable performance is appropriate, as
well as the local cultural characteristics of the subway space in the
visual design is losing the characteristics of the authentic poetry to
overcome the crisis facing, to provide ideas. The goal of this study is
to improve the overall image of urban subway station space and
reflect the regional cultural differences of the city.
The conclusions are as follows.
First, the conclusion is drawn from the theoretical research on the
spatial visual design of metro reflecting the regional characteristics.
In the visual design of subway station space, a theoretical structure
reflecting regional cultural differentiation is constructed. To reflect
regional culture in the visual design of subway station space, it is
necessary to have a holistic and holistic perspective to realize the
system of technical function, human-centered principle, and spiritual
and cultural function. The related theoretical structure can be
summarized as three focus points, two design viewpoints and three
aspects. From the local, emphasizing the sense of location and
immediate aesthetic, emphasizing visual recognition and publicity,
reflecting the characteristics of the city is aimed at this. Design point
of view is to create a space atmosphere, reflect the artistic
characteristics of the space design and portray the regional
characteristics, the formation of a sense of bond of focus - visual art.
On the one hand, the transportation function of subway shows the
surface space image in line with the artistic atmosphere, the natural
environment of the city where the subway station is located, the
historical context and the cultural style in the middle of the space
image, and the aesthetic and psychological understanding of the
masses in line with the spirit of The Times. They constitute a
diversified and complete value system of subway transportation space.
Second, through the study of regional characteristics of the
performance of the design method. One of the conclusions drawn
from the study is the design method of reflecting regional
characteristics in the visual design of subway station space. Harmony
with the natural environment, consistent with cultural concepts, the
increase of space height and lighting art. Function-oriented artistic
expression is the principle of reflecting regional cultural
characteristics in the visual design of the subway station space,
which should be interpreted in a modern way by using the unique
image of the region. Another conclusion is the design method of
expressing regional culture in subway stations from the perspective
of visual art. The main principles to be followed when visual art is
used to express culture in subway space are function center,
sensibility, safety, durability, convenience of repair and good visual
effect.
Thirdly, this is a conclusion drawn through the study of regional
cultural expression patterns. In the visual design of subway station
space, there is a "construction mode" that relies on the expression of
regional culture. These paradigms are the experience of sorting out
the status quo, logic, and ways of regional cultural expression in the
visual design of subway stations and derive the homogenization
standardization paradigm and the individualization space art integration
paradigm.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 서론···················································································································· 1
• 1. 연구 배경 ······································································································· 1
• 2．연구의 목적 및 의의·················································································· 4
• 2.1 연구의 목적····························································································· 4
• 2.2 연구의 의의····························································································· 4
• 3. 연구의 범위 및 방법··················································································· 7
• 4. 연구의 흐름도 ······························································································· 9
• II. 선행연구········································································································ 10
• 1. 해외 연구 현황 ··························································································· 10
• 2. 중국 연구 현황 ··························································································· 11
• III. 지역문화 및 지하철 공간 시각디자인·············································· 15
• 1. 지역문화 및 지하철역 지역문화의 이해··············································· 15
• 1.1 지역문화································································································· 15
• 1.2 지하철역 지역문화 ··············································································· 15
• 2. 기호학의 이해 ····························································································· 16
• 2.1 지역문화 기호······················································································· 18
• 2.2 지역문화 기호의 추출대상································································· 18
• 2.3 지역문화 기호의 추출방법································································· 19
• 3. 지하철 기호의 언어구조 및 식별시스템 디자인································· 19
• 3.1 ‘형태, 색채’를 이용한 지하철 색채기호 디자인 ···························· 19
• 3.2 ‘도형, 문자’를 이용한 지하철 표시기호 디자인 ···························· 27
• 3.3 지하철 경관기호 디자인 ····································································· 34
• 4. 지하철 공간 시각디자인의 지역문화 활용 원칙, 사고 방향 및 핵심········ 45
• 4.1 지하철 공간 시각디자인의 지역문화 활용 원칙··························· 45
• 4.2 지하철 공간 시각디자인과 지역문화의 심미적 관계 ··················· 46
• 4.3 지하철 공간 시각디자인의 핵심······················································· 46
• 5. 지하철 및 지역문화의 시각적 이미지 전파 ········································· 49
• 5.1 지하철 및 지역문화의 전파 ······························································· 49
• 5.2 지하철 공간의 지역문화 표현 ··························································· 52
• 5.3 지하철 및 지역문화의 시각적 이미지 전파 전략························· 52
• IV. 지하철 공간에 특화된 지하철의 시각디자인································ 54
• 1. 지하철 공간에 지역문화 시각적 전달의 장점····································· 54
• 1.1 수용자의 다양성 ··················································································· 54
• 1.2 시각적 감상의 강제성 ········································································· 54
• 1.3 예술작품의 고 점유율 ········································································· 55
• 1.4 문화 전파의 광범위성 ········································································· 55
• 2. 지하철 공간에 특화된 지역문화 시각적 표현····································· 56
• 2.1 지하철 공간의 지역문화의 이해······················································· 56
• 2.2 지하철역 공간의 지역적 특색을 시각적 표현 ······························· 58
• 2.3 지하철역 공간의 지역 특색 표현의 디자인 차원························· 67
• 3. 지역문화 시각에서 본 지하철역 공간 시각디자인의 핵심가치······· 70
• 3.1 지하철 승객의 수요 계층 분석························································· 70
• 3.2 기능성 가치 ··························································································· 71
• 3.3 심미성 가치 ··························································································· 72
• 3.4 의미적 가치 ··························································································· 74
• 4. 지역문화 시각에서 본 지하철역 공간 시각디자인의 새로운 흐름·········· 74
• 4.1 디자인 이념의 측면············································································· 74
• 4.2 디자인 방법의 측면············································································· 75
• 5. 지역문화의 지하철역 공간 시각적 인터페이스··································· 76
• 5.1 공간 척도 규범의 제한 ······································································· 76
• 5.2 지하철역 공간 인터페이스의 시각디자인 지역특색 표현 원칙·········· 78
• V. 지하철 공간의 시각디자인 및 지역문화 특색 표현···················· 82
• 1. 지역문화와 지하철 공간 시각디자인의 관계 ······································· 82
• 1.1 시각적 요소와 이미지의 전환 ··························································· 82
• 1.2 간소화와 추상적 ··················································································· 82
• 1.3 창의성과 융합성 ··················································································· 82
• 2. 지하철 공간의 시각디자인의 지역문화 표현방식······························· 83
• 2.1 지하철 공간의 시각디자인의 지역문화 표현 원칙······················· 83
• 2.2 지역의 자연환경 특징에 적합한 지하철 공간 시각디자인 ········· 83
• 2.3 지역의 인문환경에 적합한 지하철 공간 시각디자인 ··················· 84
• 2.4 지역문화 특징과 개성 있는 디자인의 통일성······························· 84
• 2.5 지역문화 특징과 인문정신의 통일성··············································· 84
• 3. 지하철 공간 시각디자인의 현실화 ························································· 85
• 3.1 지하철 공간 시각디자인과 기능의 구현 ········································· 85
• 3.2 지하철 공간 시각디자인과 조형의 구현 ········································· 85
• 3.3 지하철 공간 시각디자인과 재료의 구현 ········································· 86
• 3.4 지하철 공간 시각디자인과 색채의 구현 ········································· 86
• 4. 지역문화의 지하철 시각 예술 특성 표현 디자인 ······························· 86
• 4.1 지하철 시각 예술의 다양한 형태 ····················································· 86
• 4.2 지하철 벽화의 지역적 시각표현 디자인 ········································· 90
• 4.3 뉴미디어의 지하철 시각예술의 지역적 특성 표현····················· 105
• 4.4 지하철 시각 예술 설계의 한정성 ··················································· 111
• VI. 광저우 지하철 공간 시각디자인의 지역문화 적용··················· 113
• 1. 지역문화-영남문화·················································································· 113
• 2. 광저우 지하철 공간 시각디자인의 영남문화 적용··························· 114
• 2.1 역사문화 표지와 광저우 지하철 시청각 디자인 ························· 115
• 2.2 광둥어 문화와 광저우 지하철 시청각 설계································· 118
• 2.3 광저우 문화와 지하철 시청각 디자인··········································· 119
• 2.4 지역문화와 광저우 지하철 객실의 시각 설계 ····························· 120
• 3. 광저우 지하철 공간 시각디자인의 지역문화 활용의 문제점 ········· 122
• 4. 광저우지하철 공간 시각디자인에 지역문화의 적용························· 122
• 4.1 광저우 지하철 공간 시각디자인 지역문화의 선정····················· 122
• 4.2 광저우 지하철 공간 시각디자인에 지역문화 기호····················· 123
• 4.3 광저우 지하철 공간 시각디자인 공간의 구성 ····························· 124
• 4.4 광저우 지하철 공간 시각디자인 지역문화 기호의 매체··········· 125
• 5. 광저우 지하철 공간 시각디자인 광저우 동역 (지하철역) 적용 방안······ 126
• 5.1 광저우 동역의 공간 현황 분석······················································· 126
• 5.2 광저우 동역(지하철역) 지역문화 기호의 구축 및 적용··········· 130
• 6. 광저우 지하철 공간 시각디자인에 지역문화 적용 흐름도············· 149
• VII．결론·········································································································· 151
• 참고문헌 ·········································································································· 156
• 한국어 설문지 ······························································································ 158
• 중국어 설문지 ······························································································ 160
• Abstract ·········································································································· 162

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