Environmental Review of U.S. Offshore Oil Development and Other Marine Policies

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this paper, attention will be paid to the results derived from the change of energy resources; that is, the outer continental shelf, including onshore and offshore regions, has become an important area for oil development. Oil companies began to take an interest in offshore areas in the early twentieth century and launched development in the outer continental shelf for oil and gas exploration in the middle of the twentieth century. Offshore oil development, however, has raised numerous environmental concerns. The disastrous accidents resulting from offshore oil development have been continuously reported and exposed to the public clitical problems. This paper will focus mainly on the benefits derived from offshore oil development, problematic effects of oil development such as oil spills and air pollution, and the assessment of offshore oil development’s sustainability according to policy rubrics. In short, the purposes of the examination of U.S. offshore oil development are: first, to investigate the relationship between offshore oil development and the marine environment; second, to measure the present offshore oil development pattern and its impacts; third, to examine the conflicts in relation to marine policies and activities; fourth, to challenge new styles of marine activities for the health and safety of humans as well as the natural environment.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract
• Ⅰ. Introduction
• Ⅱ. U.S. Offshore Oil Development and Marine Policies, and Their Issues
• Ⅲ. Benefits and Environmental Impacts of U.S. Offshore Oil Development
• Ⅳ. Conflicts within Marine Activities
• Ⅴ. Conclusion
• Reference