자메이카의 언어적 혼종성

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In Jamaica English is the only official language, but it isn't used among family members, friends, etc. by the majority of Jamaicans. In schools it's considered as second language for the pupils. On the contrary, Jamaican Creole, known as "Patois", is the language which is used in those contexts, although it's subordination to English started from its formation in early 16th century and has persisted to the present day. This language and its position in society reflect the brutal history of Jamaica as a British sugar colony until Independence in 1962.
In this article we analyze the causes of why English has been used in limited contexts in spite of more than 500 years of it's domination and why recently Jamaican Creole is gaining more power as language of identity. To describe more precisely Jamaican Creole and its relation with English, we revise historical aspects, as well as linguistic phenomena like creolization, dicreolization, diglossia, etc. In the process we have observed that not only linguistic factors but also extralinguistic factors like politics, economy, education, religion and culture have influenced in the linguistic situation, making it more hybrid.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 언어 정책과 공용어
• Ⅲ. 크레올어와 영어의 대립과 공존
• Ⅳ. 결론
• Abstract
• 참고문헌

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "카리브 해 지역 크레올어의 현황과 전망 : 아이티 자메이카 수리남을 중심으로" 17 (17): 437-466, 2004

2 "자마이카 언어 Patois에 대하여" 한국언어학회 (21) : 241-263, 1997

3 "Understanding Jamaican Patois:An Introduction to Afro-Jamaican Grammar" LMH Publishing Ltd 1991

4 "Towards a generative analysis of a post-creole speech continuum Pidginization and Creolization of Languages" Cambridge University Press 349-370, 1971

5 "The Official Language of Jamaica" 1999

6 "The Development of Pidgin and Creole Studies" Indiana University Press 1977

7 "Standard English in Jamaica:A case of Competing Models" 10 (10): 41-53, 1989

8 "Reggae Says No to Politricks" ouma : 32-34, 1997

9 "Linguistic Variation in Urban Jamaican Creole A Sociolinguistic Study of Kingston University of Pennsylvania" 1992

10 "Language in Exile:Three Hundred Years of Jamaican Creole" The University of Alabama Press 1990

11 "Language and Literacy in a Creole-speaking Environment : A Study of Primary Schools in Jamaica" 17 (17): 87-96, 2004a

12 "Language and Liberation:Creole Language Politics in the Caribbean" Karia Press 1986

13 "Jamaican Creole Morphology and Syntax" 2004

14 "Jamaican Creole : In the process of becoming" 649-656, 2004b

15 "Education and Creole English in the West Indies Pidginization and Creolization of Languages" Cambridge University Press 371-392, 1971

16 "Dread Talk:The Language of Rastafari" Canoe Press 1983

17 "Dictionary of Jamaican English" Cambridge University Press 1967

18 "Culture and Customs of Jamaica" 2001

19 "Creolisms in an Emerging Standard : Written English in Jamaica" 31-58, 2002

20 "A Good Command of the English Language : Phonological Variation in The Jamaican Acrolect" 19 (19): 41-76, 2004

21 ",An Introduction to Sociolinguistics" Basil Blackwell 1986