평택 칠원동 유적 출토 금속유물 및 슬래그의 과학적 분석 = Scientific Analysis of Metal Artifacts and Slag Excavated from the Chilwon-dong Site in Pyeongtaek

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A scientific analysis using metallographic microscopy and SEM-EDS was conducted on the bronze spoon, slag, iron sickle, and iron plate excavated from the Chilwon-dong site in Pyeongtaek to study the manufacturing characteristics of the artifacts. The bronze spoon exhibited needle-shaped martensite, twinning, and strain lines within the α-phase, confirming that it is a hammered bronze spoon produced through high-temperature forging and quenching after casting. In the case of slag, fayalite, wüstite, and reduced Fe particles were identified in the microstructure, indicating that it is a byproduct of the iron smelting process. The iron sickle and iron plate were found to be hypoeutectoid steel materials with a microstructure of ferrite and pearlite coexisting. Notably, the iron sickle displayed elongated non-metallic inclusions, suggesting that it was manufactured through repeated forge welding and forging processes. Furthermore, wüstite with a high FeO content was observed within the non-metallic inclusions of the iron artifacts, demonstrating that wrought iron produced by the direct reduction method was utilized.