Short-Term Effects of Low-Level Heavy Metal Contamination on Soil Health Analyzed by Nematode Community Structure

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The short-term effects of low-level contamination by heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, and Pb) on the soil health were examined by analyzing soil nematode commu-nity in soils planted with tomatoes. For this, the soils were irrigated with fivemetal concentrations ([1, 1/4, 1/42, 1/43, and 0] × maximum concentrations [MC] detected in irrigation waters near abandoned mine sites) for 18 weeks. Heavy metal concentrations were significantly increased in soils irrigated with MC of heavy metals, among which As and Cu exceeded the maximum heavy metal residue contents of soil ap-proved in Korea. In no heavy metal treatment con-trols, nematode abundances for all trophic groups (except omnivorous-predatory nematodes [OP]) and colonizer-persister (cp) values (except cp-4–5) were significantly inceased, and all maturity indices (except maturity index [MI] of plant-parasitic nematodes) and structure index (SI) were significantlydecreased, suggesting the soil environments might have been disturbed during 18 weeks of tomato growth. There were no concentration-dependent significantdecreases in richness, abundance, or MI for most heavy metals; however, their significantdecreases occurred in abun-dance and richness of OP and cp-4, MI2-5 (excluding cp-1) and SI, indicating disturbed soil ecosystems, at the higher concentrations (MC and MC/4) of Pb that had the most significant negative correlation coeffi-cients for heavy metal concentrations and nematode community among the heavy metals. Therefore, the short-term effects of low-level heavy metal contami-nation on soil health can be analyzed by nematode community structures before the appearance of plant damages caused by the abiotic agents, heavy metals.

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