경허 가사에 나타난 수행법과 표현 방식

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The monk Kyung-hoe is considered one of the famous Buddhist Gasa poets of the late Chosun dynasty. He composed four pieces of Gasa in Korean, about two hundred and fifty pieces of Gatha(偈頌), and fifty essays in Chinese throughout his life. He differed from other monks by his composition of Gasa in Korean and Gatha in Chinese, and especially in his way of Buddhist practice and the way he expressed it in his Gasa. From among monk Kyung-hoe’s many literary works, I studied the way of Buddhist practice and his expression of it in his Gasa.
First, I found that Kyung-hoe’s Gasa talks about two kinds of Buddhist practice: cause-effect practice and transcendental practice. The cause-effect way of practice in his Gasa means that good cause results in good effect and bad cause results in bad effect. The transcendental way of practice in his Gasa consists of three kinds of Son meditation: Hwado Son meditation, reflecting on oneself meditation, and observing all thinking and acting meditation. Kyung-hoe tried to teach novices the way of cause-effect practice and help them advance to the higher level of transcendental practice.
Next, I studied Kyung-hoe’s way of expressing Buddhist practice in two aspects: sentence and paragraph. Kyung-hoe used declarative and interrogative sentences to a great degree in his three Buddhist Gasa works. Both the declarative sentences and the interrogative sentences were used to clearly express Buddhist lessons and the positive and negative realities of the people. Kyung-hoe also used exclamatory sentences to express admiration for the Buddhist lessons or to sigh over the people’s painful realities. In addition, he used the petition sentence and the imperative sentence in advising or ordering people. Almost all of the sentences in Kyung-hoe’s Gasa are very plain.
In regard to his paragraphs, three of Kyung-hoe’s Gasa--〈Chamsongog 參禪曲〉, 〈Gagagaoum 可歌可吟〉, and 〈Pubmungog 法門曲〉--showed similarities and dissimilarities. There were similarities in that his three Gasa all have the “paragraph of advising”, the “paragraph of problems”, and the “paragraph of solving” in common. There were dissimilarities in the ordering of the paragraphs: A paragraph of problem-〉A paragraph of solving-〉B paragraph of problem-〉B paragraph of solving-〉the paragraph of advising in 〈Chamsongog 參禪曲〉; the paragraph of advising-〉A paragraph of problem-〉A paragraph of solving-〉B paragraph of problem-〉B paragraph of solving in 〈Gagagaoum 可歌可吟〉; A paragraph of advising-〉A paragraph of problem-〉A paragraph of solving-〉B paragraph of advising-〉B paragraph of solving-〉C paragraph of advising-〉C paragraph of solving-〉D paragraph of advising in 〈Pubmungog 法門曲〉. These styles of paragraph order were very effective in teaching Buddhism to the people.
I studied two aspects of three pieces of Kyung-hoe’s Buddhist Gasa, but there still remain his Gathas and prose in Chinese to study in several aspects. First, one could do a comparative study between Kyung-hoe’s Gasa and his other literary works. Second, one could do a comparative study between all his literary works and that of other monk’s.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 서론
• 2. 이원적 수행 방법
• 3. 문장과 단락상의 표현 방식
• 4. 결론
• 참고문헌
• [Abstract]

참고문헌 (Reference)

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