1 Skelin M, "cAMP increases the sensitivity of exocytosis to Ca2+ primarily through protein kinase A in mouse pancreatic beta cells" 49 : 89-99, 2011
2 Garvey WT, "Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity in people with type 2 diabetes(SURMOUNT-2) : a double-blind, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial" 402 : 613-626, 2023
3 Jastreboff AM, "Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity" 387 : 205-216, 2022
4 Syed YY, "Tirzepatide : first approval" 82 : 1213-1220, 2022
5 Zhang G, "The vesicular transporter STX11 governs ATGL-mediated hepatic lipolysis and lipophagy" 25 : 104085-, 2022
6 Min T, "The role of tirzepatide, dual GIP and GLP-1receptor agonist, in the management of type 2 diabetes : the SURPASS clinical trials" 12 : 143-157, 2021
7 Holst JJ, "The physiology of glucagon-like peptide 1" 87 : 1409-1439, 2007
8 Drucker DJ, "The incretin system : glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes" 368 : 1696-1705, 2006
9 Dichtel LE, "The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, semaglutide, for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis" 74 : 2290-2292, 2021
10 Patel Chavez C, "The emerging role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for the management of NAFLD" 107 : 29-38, 2022
11 Rizvi AA, "The emerging role of dual GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists in glycemic management and cardiovascular risk reduction" 15 : 1023-1030, 2022
12 Koska J, "The effect of exenatide once weekly on carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with type 2 diabetes : an 18-month randomized placebo-controlled study" 44 : 1385-1392, 2021
13 Fisman EZ, "The dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide(GIP)and glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)receptor agonist tirzepatide : a novel cardiometabolic therapeutic prospect" 20 : 225-, 2021
14 Wang H, "The HIF-2α/PPARαpathway is essential for liraglutide-alleviated, lipid-induced hepatic steatosis" 140 : 111778-, 2021
15 Imbernon M, "Tanycytes control hypothalamic liraglutide uptake and its anti-obesity actions" 34 : 1054-1063, 2022
16 Huang Y, "Study on the mechanism of liraglutide to improve hepatic lipid metabolism in mice" Yangzhou University 2022
17 Cui J, "Study on mechanisms of 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation promoted by GLP-1 mediated upregulation of LncRNA PFAR and its effect on obesity in mice" Shanxi Medical University 2020
18 Vendrell J, "Study of the potential association of adipose tissue GLP-1 receptor with obesity and insulin resistance" 152 : 4072-4079, 2011
19 Zhao F, "Structural insights into multiplexed pharmacological actions of tirzepatide and peptide 20 at the GIP, GLP-1 or glucagon receptors" 13 : 1057-, 2022
20 Perez-Garcia A, "Storage and utilization of glycogen by mouse liver during adaptation to nutritional changes are GLP-1 and PASK dependent" 13 : 2552-, 2021
21 Da Zhou ; Yuan-Wen Chen ; Ze-Hua Zhao ; Rui-Xu Yang ; Feng-Zhi Xin ; Xiao-Lin Liu ; Qin Pan ; Huiping Zhou ; Jian-Gao Fan, "Sodium butyrate reduces high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through upregulation of hepatic GLP-1R expression" 50 : 1-12, 2018
22 Zhang T, "Signaling mechanism for modulation by GLP-1 and exendin-4 of GABA receptors on rat retinal ganglion cells" 38 : 622-636, 2022
23 Muscelli E, "Separate impact of obesity and glucose tolerance on the incretin effect in normal subjects and type 2 diabetic patients" 57 : 1340-1348, 2008
24 Martins FF, "Semaglutide(GLP-1 receptor agonist)stimulates browning on subcutaneous fat adipocytes and mitigates inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress in visceral fat adipocytes of obese mice" 40 : 903-913, 2022
25 Alkhouri N, "Safety and efficacy of combination therapy with semaglutide, cilofexor and firsocostat in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis : a randomised, open-label phase II trial" 77 : 607-618, 2022
26 Zheng X, "SIRT1/HSF1/HSP pathway is essential for exenatide-alleviated, lipidinduced hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress" 66 : 809-824, 2017
27 Boutant M, "SIRT1 enhances glucose tolerance by potentiating brown adipose tissue function" 4 : 118-131, 2014
28 Lyu J, "Role of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 in suppressing lipid accumulation by glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist in hepatocytes" 34 : 16-26, 2020
29 Madsbad S, "Review of head-to-head comparisons of glucagonlike peptide-1 receptor agonists" 18 : 317-332, 2016
30 Boland ML, "Resolution of NASH and hepatic fibrosis by the GLP-1R/GcgR dual-agonist cotadutide via modulating mitochondrial function and lipogenesis" 2 : 413-431, 2020
31 Challa TD, "Regulation of adipocyte formation by GLP-1/GLP-1R signaling" 287 : 6421-6430, 2012
32 Vilsboll T, "Reduced postprandial concentrations of intact biologically active glucagon-like peptide 1 in type 2 diabetic patients" 50 : 609-613, 2001
33 Flint A, "Randomised clinical trial : semaglutide versus placebo reduced liver steatosis but not liver stiffness in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease assessed by magnetic resonance imaging" 54 : 1150-1161, 2021
34 Ding WG, "Protein kinase A-dependent stimulation of exocytosis in mouse pancreatic beta-cells by glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide" 46 : 615-621, 1997
35 Rowlands J, "Pleiotropic effects of GLP-1 and analogs on cell signaling, metabolism, and function" 9 : 672-, 2018
36 Maiseyeu A, "Plaque-targeted, proteolysis-resistant, activatable and MRI-visible nano-GLP-1 receptor agonist targets smooth muscle cell differentiation in atherosclerosis" 12 : 2741-2757, 2022
37 Cantini G, "Perspectives in GLP-1 research : new targets, new receptors" 27 : 427-438, 2016
38 Wagner S, "Obesity medication lorcaserin activates brainstem GLP-1 neurons to reduce food intake and augments GLP-1 receptor agonist induced appetite suppression" 68 : 101665-, 2023
39 Fielding CJ, "Molecular physiology of reverse cholesterol transport" 36 : 211-228, 1995
40 Luo J, "Mechanisms and regulation of cholesterol homeostasis" 21 : 225-245, 2020
41 Lee SJ, "Loss of dorsomedial hypothalamic GLP-1signaling reduces BAT thermogenesis and increases adiposity" 11 : 33-46, 2018
42 Bu H, "Long-term intake of a high protein diet modulates liver steatosis and fat accumulation in OVX mice" 31 : 69-75, 2021
43 Matikainen N, "Liraglutide treatment improves postprandial lipid metabolism and cardiometabolic risk factors in humans with adequately controlled type 2 diabetes : a single-centre randomized controlled study" 21 : 84-94, 2019
44 Wang YG, "Liraglutide reduces oxidized LDL-induced oxidative stress and fatty degeneration in Raw 264. 7 cells involving the AMPK/SREBP1 pathway" 12 : 410-416, 2015
45 Zhu W, "Liraglutide protects non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a mouse model induced by high-fat diet" 505 : 523-529, 2018
46 Kalogirou MS, "Liraglutide in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials" 45 : 101568-, 2021
47 Omanovic Kolaric T, "Liraglutide exerts protective effects by downregulation of PPARγ, ACSL1 and SREBP-1c in Huh7 cell culture models of non-alcoholic steatosis and drug-induced steatosis" 44 : 3465-3480, 2022
48 Yang SH, "Liraglutide downregulates hepatic LDL receptor and PCSK9 expression in HepG2 cells and db/db mice through a HNF-1a dependent mechanism" 17 : 48-, 2018
49 Yu P, "Liraglutide attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through adjusting lipid metabolism via SHP1/AMPK signaling pathway" 2019 : 1567095-, 2019
50 Yu X, "Liraglutide ameliorates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis activation via mitophagy" 864 : 172715-, 2019
51 Zhu CG, "Liraglutide ameliorates lipotoxicity-induced oxidative stress by activating the NRF2 pathway in HepG2 cells" 52 : 532-539, 2020
52 Fang Y, "Liraglutide alleviates hepatic steatosis by activating the TFEB-regulated autophagy-lysosomal pathway" 8 : 602574-, 2020
53 Czaja MJ, "JNK regulation of hepatic manifestations of the metabolic syndrome" 21 : 707-713, 2010
54 Vilsboll T, "Incretin secretion in relation to meal size and body weight in healthy subjects and people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus" 88 : 2706-2713, 2003
55 Ussher JR, "Inactivation of the cardiomyocyte glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor(GLP-1R)unmasks cardiomyocyte-independent GLP-1R-mediated cardioprotection" 3 : 507-517, 2014
56 Romero-Gomez M, "Improved health-related quality of life with semaglutide in people with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis : a randomised trial" 58 : 395-403, 2023
57 Ishikawa S, "Impact of sitagliptin on carotid intima-media thickness in patients with coronary artery disease and impaired glucose tolerance or mild diabetes mellitus" 114 : 384-388, 2014
58 Huby T, "Immune cell-mediated features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis" 22 : 429-443, 2022
59 Samms RJ, "How may GIP enhance the therapeutic efficacy of GLP-1?" 31 : 410-421, 2020
60 Liu D, "Hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 is involved in mediating functions of liraglutide in mice with dietary challenge" 74 : 2154-2169, 2021
61 Nogueiras R, "Gut hormone co-agonists for the treatment of obesity : from bench to bedside" 5 : 933-944, 2023
62 Jin ES, "Glycerol as a precursor for hepatic de novo glutathione synthesis in human liver" 63 : 102749-, 2023
63 Kreymann B, "Glucagonlike peptide-1 7-36 : a physiological incretin in man" 2 : 1300-1304, 1987
64 Zhang Z, "Glucagonlike peptide 1 analogue prevents cholesterol gallstone formation by modulating intestinal farnesoid X receptor activity" 118 : 154728-, 2021
65 Kabahizi A, "Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)signalling in the brain : from neural circuits and metabolism to therapeutics" 179 : 600-624, 2022
66 Burgmaier M, "Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)and its split products GLP-1(9-37)and GLP-1(28-37)stabilize atherosclerotic lesions in apoe-/-mice" 231 : 427-435, 2013
67 Yoon G, "Glucagon-like peptide-1 suppresses neuroinflammation and improves neural structure" 152 : 104615-, 2020
68 Baggio LL, "Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors in the brain : controlling food intake and body weight" 124 : 4223-4226, 2014
69 Yabut JM, "Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor-based therapeutics for metabolic liver disease" 44 : 14-32, 2023
70 Gupta NA, "Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor is present on human hepatocytes and has a direct role in decreasing hepatic steatosis in vitro by modulating elements of the insulin signaling pathway" 51 : 1584-1592, 2010
71 Geloneze B, "Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)in the brain-adipocyte axis" 77 : 493-503, 2017
72 Gentilella R, "Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes treatment : are they all the same" 35 : e3070-, 2019
73 Wang X, "Glucagon-like peptide-1 improves fatty liver and enhances thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue via inhibiting BMP4-related signaling pathway in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice" 2021 : 6620289-, 2021
74 Giblett JP, "Glucagon-like peptide-1 : a promising agent for cardioprotection during myocardial ischemia" 1 : 267-276, 2016
75 Mehdi SF, "Glucagon-like peptide-1 : a multi-faceted antiinflammatory agent" 14 : 1148209-, 2023
76 Ban K, "Glucagon-like peptide(GLP)-1(9-36)amide-mediated cytoprotection is blocked by exendin(9-39)yet does not require the known GLP-1 receptor" 151 : 1520-1531, 2010
77 Yang J, "Glucagon-like peptide 1 regulates adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes" 31 : 1429-1435, 2013
78 Mahalingam S, "Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, exendin-4, reduces alcohol-associated fatty liver disease" 213 : 115613-, 2023
79 Cantini G, "Glucagon modulates proliferation and differentiation of human adipose precursors" 63 : 249-260, 2019
80 Chen J, "GLP-1/GLP-1R signaling in regulation of adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis" 42 : 1165-1176, 2017
81 Han Y, "GLP-1(7-36)inhibits atherosclerosis progression in ApoE-/-mouse aorta by lowering expressions of CD36 and ACAT1 in foam cells" 41 : 1947-1953, 2019
82 Li X, "GLP-1 receptor agonist increases the expression of CTRP3, a novel adipokine, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through PKA signal pathway" 38 : 73-79, 2015
83 Meloni AR, "GLP-1 receptor activated insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells : mechanism and glucose dependence" 15 : 15-27, 2013
84 Li H, "GLP-1 induces the expression of FNDC5 derivatives that execute lipolytic actions" Shandong University 2022
85 Hou H, "GLP-1 down-regulates mRNA expression of SOCS-3 and SREBP-1c in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease" 32 : 1312-1316, 2016
86 Wang C, "GLP-1 contributes to increases in PGC-1α expression by downregulating miR-23a to reduce apoptosis" 466 : 33-39, 2015
87 Hoffman S, "GLP-1 attenuates intestinal fat absorption and chylomicron production via vagal afferent nerves originating in the portal vein" 65 : 101590-, 2022
88 Muskiet MH, "GLP-1 and the kidney : from physiology to pharmacology and outcomes in diabetes" 13 : 605-628, 2017
89 He Q, "GLP-1 analogue improves hepatic lipid accumulation by inducing autophagy via AMPK/mTOR pathway" 476 : 196-203, 2016
90 Sharma S, "GLP-1 analogs reduce hepatocyte steatosis and improve survival by enhancing the unfolded protein response and promoting macroautophagy" 6 : e25269-, 2011
91 Pedrosa MR, "GLP-1 agonist to treat obesity and prevent cardiovascular disease : what have we achieved so far?" 24 : 867-884, 2022
92 Beiroa D, "GLP-1 agonism stimulates brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and browning through hypothalamic AMPK" 63 : 3346-3358, 2014
93 Sannaa W, "Factors associated with successful weight loss after liraglutide treatment for obesity" 25 : 377-386, 2023
94 Bell GI, "Exon duplication and divergence in the human preproglucagon gene" 304 : 368-371, 1983
95 Ding X, "Exendin-4, a glucagon-like protein-1(GLP-1)receptor agonist, reverses hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice" 43 : 173-181, 2006
96 Yang H, "Exendin-4 ameliorates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat" 185 : 825-832, 2013
97 Gastaldelli A, "Exenatide and dapagliflozin combination improves markers of liver steatosis and fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes" 22 : 393-403, 2020
98 Li S, "Exenatide ameliorates hepatic steatosis and attenuates fat mass and FTO gene expression through PI3K signaling pathway in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease" 51 : e7299-, 2018
99 Wang L, "Engineered bacteria of MG1363-pMG36e-GLP-1 attenuated obesity-induced by high fat diet in mice" 11 : 595575-, 2021
100 Carvalho T, "Efruxifermin combined with a GLP-1 receptor agonist reduces liver fat in NASH" 29 : 1881-, 2023
101 Jianping W, "Efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of metabolic associated fatty liver disease : a systematic review and meta-analysis" 55 : 586-593, 2021
102 Frias JP, "Efficacy and safety of LY3298176, a novel dual GIP and GLP-1receptor agonist, in patients with type 2 diabetes : a randomised, placebo-controlled and active comparator-controlled phase 2trial" 392 : 2180-2193, 2018
103 Lu J, "Effects of liraglutide on lipid metabolism and expression of PI3K protein in KKAy mice" 18 : 363-366, 2021
104 Xie J, "Effects of liraglutide on glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease" 13 : 46-53, 2021
105 Zhu H, "Effects of liraglutide on expressions of lipid metabolism-related genes in rats with T2DM and fatty liver" 30 : 7-10, 2017
106 El Bekay R, "Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on the differentiation and metabolism of human adipocytes" 173 : 1820-1834, 2016
107 Allegretti JR, "Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation with oral capsules in obese patients" 18 : 855-863, 2020
108 Hopkins ND, "Effects of 6 months glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist treatment on endothelial function in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients" 15 : 770-773, 2013
109 Gastaldelli A, "Effect of tirzepatide versus insulin degludec on liver fat content and abdominal adipose tissue in people with type 2 diabetes(SURPASS-3 MRI) : a substudy of the randomised, open-label, parallel-group, phase 3 SURPASS-3 trial" 10 : 393-406, 2022
110 Yu D, "Effect of the dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide/gulcagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist tirzepatide on lipid profile and waist circumference : a systematic review and meta-analysis" 45 : 787-796, 2023
111 Dahl D, "Effect of subcutaneous tirzepatide vs placebo added to titrated insulin glargine on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes : the SURPASS-5 randomized clinical trial" 327 : 534-545, 2022
112 Cantini G, "Effect of liraglutide on proliferation and differentiation of human adipose stem cells" 402 : 43-50, 2015
113 Vargas EJ, "Effect of endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty on gastric emptying, motility and hormones : a comparative prospective study" 72 : 1073-1080, 2023
114 이진미 ; 홍석우 ; 김민정 ; 문선준 ; 권혜미 ; 박세은 ; 이은정 ; 이원영, "Dulaglutide ameliorates palmitic acid-induced hepatic steatosis by activating FAM3A signaling pathway" 37 : 74-83, 2022
115 Campos RV, "Divergent tissue-specific and developmental expression of receptors for glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 in the mouse" 134 : 2156-2164, 1994
116 Liu C, "Discovery of a novel GLP-1/GIP dual receptor agonist CY-5 as long-acting hypoglycemic, anti-obesity agent" 106 : 104492-, 2021
117 Lockie SH, "Direct control of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis by central nervous system glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor signaling" 61 : 2753-2762, 2012
118 Ben-Shlomo S, "Dipeptidyl peptidase 4-deficient rats have improved bile secretory function in high fat diet-induced steatosis" 58 : 172-178, 2013
119 Wang L, "Designing a dual GLP-1R/GIPR agonist from tirzepatide : comparing residues between tirzepatide, GLP-1, and GIP" 16 : 1547-1559, 2022
120 Song N, "Design of a highly potent GLP-1R and GCGR dual-agonist for recovering hepatic fibrosis" 12 : 2443-2461, 2022
121 Tabuchi C, "Corrigendum : signaling pathways regulating thermogenesis" 12 : 698619-, 2021
122 Sandsdal RM, "Combination of exercise and GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment reduces severity of metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity, and inflammation : a randomized controlled trial" 22 : 41-, 2023
123 Kooijman S, "Central GLP-1 receptor signalling accelerates plasma clearance of triacylglycerol and glucose by activating brown adipose tissue in mice" 58 : 2637-2646, 2015
124 Ban K, "Cardioprotective and vasodilatory actions of glucagon like peptide 1 receptor are mediated through both glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor-dependent and-independent pathways" 117 : 2340-2350, 2008
125 Shin S, "CREB mediates the insulinotropic and anti-apoptotic effects of GLP-1 signaling in adult mouse β-cells" 3 : 803-812, 2014
126 Kaisanlahti A, "Browning of white fat : agents and implications for beige adipose tissue to type 2 diabetes" 75 : 1-10, 2019
127 El-Agroudy NN, "Are lifestyle therapies effective for NAFLD treatment?" 30 : 701-709, 2019
128 Kimball CP, "Aqueous extracts of pancreas. III. Some precipitation reactions of insulin" 58 : 337-346, 1923
129 Gutierrez AD, "Anti-diabetic effects of GLP1 analogs are mediated by thermogenic interleukin-6 signaling in adipocytes" 3 : 100813-, 2022
130 Ma T, "An oral GLP-1 and GIP dual receptor agonist improves metabolic disorders in high fat-fed mice" 914 : 174635-, 2022
131 Yoon HS, "Akkermansia muciniphila secretes a glucagon-like peptide-1-inducing protein that improves glucose homeostasis and ameliorates metabolic disease in mice" 6 : 563-573, 2021
132 Hori M, "Acute cholesterol-lowering effect of exendin-4 in Ldlr-/-and C57BL/6J mice" 30 : 74-86, 2023
133 Burmeister MA, "Acute activation of central GLP-1 receptors enhances hepatic insulin action and insulin secretion in high-fat-fed, insulin resistant mice" 302 : E334-E343, 2012
134 Zhang Y, "Activity-balanced GLP-1/GDF15 dual agonist reduces body weight and metabolic disorder in mice and non-human primates" 35 : 287-298, 2023
135 Jensen EP, "Activation of GLP-1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells reduces the autoregulatory response in afferent arterioles and increases renal blood flow" 308 : F867-F877, 2015
136 Meng J, "Activation of GLP-1 receptor promotes bone marrow stromal cell osteogenic differentiation through β-catenin" 6 : 579-591, 2016
137 Newsome PN, "A placebo-controlled trial of subcutaneous semaglutide in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis" 384 : 1113-1124, 2021
138 Romero-Gomez M, "A phase IIa active-comparator-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of efinopegdutide in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease" 79 : 888-897, 2023
139 Czech TY, "A new mechanism of action of glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist in hepatic steatosis : promotion of hepatic insulin clearance through induction of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1" 2 : 9-12, 2018
140 Rodriguez-Barrueco R, "A microRNA cluster controls fat cell differentiation and adipose tissue expansion by regulating SNCG" 9 : e2104759-, 2022
141 Hu YW, "A lincRNA-DYNLRB2-2/GPR119/GLP-1R/ABCA1-dependent signal transduction pathway is essential for the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis" 55 : 681-697, 2014
142 Buse JB, "2019 Update to : management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2018 : a consensus report by the American Diabetes Association(ADA)and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes(EASD)" 43 : 487-493, 2020