삼한-후한의 교류와 염사국의 역할 = Exchange between Sam-han and Later-Han and the Role of Yeomsa-State

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article examines exchanges between sam-han and later-han china around the first and second centuries, centering on yeomsa-state. In the 22nd year of jianwu(A.D. 44), yeomsa-state was subordinated(內附) to lelang-jun in later-han, and later visited every season. From the example of the use of the subordination(內附) at that time, it can be seen that yeomsa-state was placed in very close relations with later-han. Yeomsa-state maintained a close relationship with lelang as it confronted other forces in sam-han due to the horae incident during the jihwang annual(A.D. 20-23), but in A.D.125, due to the need of lelang-jun, it was exempted from the obligation to pay in public. However, as han korea strengthened in the second half of the second century, yeomsa-state was absorbed into han, and exchanges between yeomsa-state and later-han ended. At first, given that yeomsachak, the right-geosu of jinhan, left his original residence to live in lelang, it cannot be concluded that yeomsa-state after the horae incident was in yeomsachak's original residence. After the horae incident, yeomsa-state gained some power as the horae group was introduced. The horae group is part of the linhuai pirates(a group of exiles from jiangsusheng) that took place in the fourth year of tianfeng(A.D. 4), and is related to the dongje people mentioned in the mahan chapter of weilue. They settled in gimpo and other areas of the west coast, and silli-state in gimpo was one of them. Yeomsa-state was located in seosan & dangjin, chungcheongnam-do, which is archaeologically connected to the gimpo area. Because there was a powerful force called mokji-state(jin’s king) in cheonan and asan, nearby there, yeomsa-state had no choice but to visit lelang from time to time for military help. Yeomsa-state frequently went to lelang and had residents from china, and there were many elements of han, so the country served as a channel for other forces of the sam-han to accept chinese culture. It seems to have played a mediating role in the exchange between han and chinese forces even after being completely absorbed by han and reorganized into yeomlo-state & salo-state. In the middle of the first century, under the plan of lelang-jun, the no-state of wae(japan) dispatched envoys to later-han, and it seems that yeomsa-state, a representative pro-china country in sam-han, cooperated with this. Given that this was accomplished by the needs of lelang-jun, it cannot be concluded that the yeomsa-state engaged in diplomacy with lelang-jun. At that time, it seems that yeomsa-state responded appropriately to the needs of lelang and pursued some profits in trade. In particular, no-state's dispatch of envoys was an opportunity for yeomsa-state to expand its influence in the west and south coast regions. Yeomsa-state, which was between large countries, is noteworthy in that it contributed to the technological and cultural development of sam-han’s society by making efforts for survival and relaying exchanges between sam-han and later-han.