14세기 元 大都의 공간 인식과 도시 유람 風情－李穀의 시선을 중심으로－ = The Spatial Perception and Urban Leisure of 14th-Century Dadu－Through the Perspective of Yi Gok－

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to analyze the urban perceptions and the multilayered meanings of space projected in the poetry and prose of Yi Gok(李穀), a literatus from the Goryeo Dynasty, focusing on Dadu, the capital of the Yuan Dynasty in the 14th century. During this period, Dadu functioned as a cosmopolitan metropolis where politics, economy, and culture converged as a nodal point of the Eurasian transportation and commercial networks. Having served as an official in Dadu for over a decade, Yi Gok multidimensionally recorded the spatial order and urban experiences of the city from the position of a boundary man—simultaneously an imperial insider and a Goryeo outsider.
To Yi Gok, Dadu was not merely a foreign capital, but a decisive stage where his political status was transformed and a complex life-world where the sensibilities of urban daily life were accumulated. The findings of this study are as follows. First, in terms of political narrative, Yi Gok internalized Dadu as a symbolic space of condensed honor and authority by participating in imperial rituals centered around the Daming Palace (Damingdian). Second, regarding urban structure, he captured the leisure culture formed around private gardens and temples in the Nancheng(南城) area. By aestheticizing these spaces as Jiguan(池館) and Xianjie(仙界), he positively represented the material abundance and aesthetic zenith of the Empire. Third, in the areas of West Lake(西湖) and West Mountain(西山), he substantiated the systematized commercial leisure customs of Maijou(買舟)-Jaiju(載酒)-Yayou(夜遊)(hiring a boat, loading wine, and nocturnal excursions). Simultaneously, he exhibited a dual perspective that projected his identity as a boundary man by perceiving specific spaces, such as Yeongamsa Temple(靈巖寺), as a Little Goryeo.
In conclusion, Yi Gok’s literary works allow for a reimagining of Dadu as a dynamic space where imperial majesty and sophisticated urban daily life intersect, moving beyond existing perspectives that reduced the city to a formalized political center. By analyzing Yi Gok’s spatio-temporal experiences, this study restores the complexity of the actual spatial structure and the enjoyed urban culture of 14th-century Dadu, and holds significance in suggesting the possibility of a micro-historical and life-historical approach to the study of the Yuan imperial capital.