This study was conducted as an attempt to reveal the literary significance of the blossoming era's new age novel Animal Proceedings by assessing the diverse forms of thinking and cultural embodiments appearing in the novel.
Although this work has rec...
This study was conducted as an attempt to reveal the literary significance of the blossoming era's new age novel Animal Proceedings by assessing the diverse forms of thinking and cultural embodiments appearing in the novel.
Although this work has received high praise for its originality as a beast fable, the main motive for its creation is considered to have been to offer the readership words of teachings and enlightenment, rather than origination of a creative aesthetical form. All of the words of teachings presented by the author through the mouths of animals is a powerful criticism on the prevailing state of society at the time and concurrently a moral lesson to the people of that era on what is right and what is wrong. So far, these words of teachings are believed to have been influenced by traditional Confucian and Christian ideologies.
In this study, the Christian aspects of the novel were first observed. The author's views in the novel are his revelational truths that are based on Christian thought and direct the reader to the absolute core of man and the ultimate destination of life. On the other hand, the entire content of the novel also coincides with the traditionalistic standpoint. The problem is that these criticisms and utterances of encouragement reflect Confucian influences when they target specific issues of reality and reflect Christian influences when presenting a single, comprehensive, and fundamental line of thought.
The Confucian aspects of the novel were considered next, particularly the Confucian traits of Animal Proceedings as criticisms against decadence of man and as a measure of things having gone wrong. Social decadence so perverse that man is no longer better than animals was something that could not be accepted by Confucian values and was, rather, something that must be repented and remedied. For these reasons, the author attempts to awaken man through records from a meeting of animals. As such, the novel's Confucian traits come across thick, as the grandest ideological theme of the novel. Furthermore, the concept of heaven was dealt with. This concept is not a separate and superior entity as described in the Christian Creation precept, but rather a concept that has been considered part of a single unit that encompasses the world of man and of all things. Thus, the concept of heaven is depicted not a subject of perception but as the source of creation and source of man, which coincides with the traits of Confucian concept of heaven.
Lastly, limitations of Animal Proceedings were studied. As both positive and negative evaluations are given on any artwork or any era, it is possible to give a positive evaluation on this novel through ideal analysis, but the unexhaustive ideological foundation of the author reveals itself as the novel's limitation in consideration of the state of confusion of values at the time of writing. Furthermore, the numerous shortcomings in terms of defining this novel as a political satire can also be considered as its limitations.
In summarizing this study, this novel can be concluded as an attempt to induce fundamental introspect and self-reflection to the question of what should be pursued in the lives we lead. As such, Animal Proceedings is a novel that opened a new horizon of meaning towards true salvation in Korean literature.