『金庾信行錄』의 찬술 배경과 경위 = The Background and Process of Writing The Life and Actions of Kim Yushin (Kimyusin-Haengrok, 金庾信行錄)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Examined in this article is The Life and Actions of Kim Yushin (Kimyusin-Haengrok, 金庾信行錄). This book served as the basis for the biography of Kim inserted in Samguk Sagi (三國史記), and provides invaluable clues that help us understand the nature of the war that took place in the 7th century. When this book was written, what led to its writing, why it was written, and what was its influences, would be the focuses of this study.
After King Hyegong(Hyegong-wang) was enthroned at a very young age, former Kings Muyeol and Munmu came to be heralded as kings whose accomplishments were so noteworthy-conquering both Baekje and Goguryeo- that their ancestral tablets should not be removed from the Dynastic Shrine(B‘ ulcheon-ji-ju , 不遷之主’). This was a ploy to reinforce the young king’s authority, situating him as the successor of these great kings. The official image of the 7th Century War was also modified accordingly, from a war that primarily subdued and annexed Baekje, to a war that conquered both countries(兩國平定’). This no doubt led to the legacy of King Munmu being escalated, while damaging( or at least weakening) the authority and image of Kim Yushin.
And after Kim’s death, the status of his descendants continued to weaken even more. Denunciation of Kim Yushin’s legacy was a huge blow to their already declining status in the society, and their reputation was further tarnished when they were implicated in accusations of treacherous machinations.
Then, after the line of King Muyeol’s descendants was severed, and King Weonseong was enthroned, descendants of Kim Yushin finally had the chance to exonerate themselves and restore their honor. Kim Yushin’s great grandson Jangcheong(長淸, Kim Am/金巖) authored a memoir documenting Kim Yushin’s life and actions, praising him as the leading figure of the 7th Century War. Meanwhile, Kings in the Hadae( 下代) period of Shilla continued to diminish its own appreciation of King Muyeol as well as the following kings of that line, which did more than salvaging Kim Yushin’s reduced meritorious aura. Eventually the idea that the 7th Century War was a war where Shilla was able to subdue both countries became the dominant ideology of Shilla, and laid foundation for the idea that Shilla was the one that united all the three countries(一統三國’).

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구는 『삼국사기』 김유신 열전의 저본으로서 7세기 전쟁을 이해하는 토대가 된 『김유신행록』의 찬술 배경과 경위를 탐구한 것이다.
혜공왕 즉위 후 백제와 고구려를 평정한 업적을 내세워 무열왕과 문무왕을 不遷之主로 삼음으로써 이들의 권위를 통해 어린 국왕의 입지를 보강하고자 하였다. 이에 7세기 전쟁의 결과는 백제의 병합에서 ‘兩國平定’으로 재인식되었다. 이 조치는 특히 문무왕을 부각시키는 한편 김유신의 권위를 떨어뜨렸다. 김유신 사후 입지가 줄어들던 후손들은 이 조치로 더욱 타격을 받았고, 모반에도 연루되면서 몰락하였다.
그런데 무열왕계가 단절되고 원성왕이 즉위하면서 김유신 후손들은 반전의 기회를 맞았다. 김유신의 玄孫 長淸(金巖)은 그를 7세기 전쟁의 주역으로 평가하는 行錄을 찬술하였고, 하대 왕실은 무열왕계의 권위를 삭감시키는 방안으로 김유신을 현창하였다. 그리고 ‘양국평정’은 체제 이념으로 수용되면서 ‘一統三國’으로 확장되었다.