정신분열증 환자들의 꿈 경험 = Dream Experiences of Schizophrenics

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 정신분열증 환자들의 꿈 경험에 대한 이해를 목적으로 실시되었다. 각기 46명으로 구성된 정신분열증 집단과 정상 집단을 대상으로, 전형적 꿈 질문지(TDQ), 꿈강도 척도(DII), 꿈 경험 및 태도 척도(IDEA)를 실시하여 두 집단의 꿈 경험을 비교하는 한편, 정신분열증 집단에서 보고된 각 증상과의 관계를 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 전형적 꿈 주제에서는, 정신분열증 집단이 정상 집단보다 현현, 야수, 피해의식 범주의 꿈을 더 자주 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 꿈강도 중에서는 변화된 꿈 요인, 꿈에 대한 태도에서는 꿈 중요성 요인, 꿈 걱정 요인, 꿈 오락 요인에서 정신분열증 집단이 정상집단 보다 더 높은 평균값을 보였다. 이밖에, 정신분열증 환자들이 보고한 여러 증상들 중 환각 증상은 꿈 강도의 모든 요인들과 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이를 토대로 각각의 결과들이 시사하는 바 및 연구 의의, 제한점이 논의되었다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 윤황, "한국인의 전형적인 꿈 경험" 한국심리학회 30 (30): 1213-1229, 2011

2 추동호, "정신분열병 환자의 꿈" 24 : 445-453, 1985

3 심영숙, "악몽과 정신병리: 경험회피의 중재효과" 한국임상심리학회 28 (28): 1207-1216, 2009

4 이종명, "악몽과 정신건강" 한국임상심리학회 26 (26): 145-160, 2007

5 이영호, "생시에 경험하는 불안 및 스트레스와 꿈 내용" 한국임상심리학회 23 (23): 49-76, 2004

6 이영호, "꿈강도, 전형적 꿈 주제 및 꿈에 대한 태도와 정신병리의 관계" 한국임상심리학회 30 (30): 419-439, 2011

7 김광일, "간이정신진단검사 실시요강" 중앙적성 1984

8 Lena, I., "Variations in extracellular levels of dopamine, noradrenaline, glutamate, and aspartate across the sleep-wake cycle in the medial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens of freely moving rats" 81 : 891-899, 2005

9 Griffith, R. M., "Universality of typical dreams : Japanese vs. Americans" 60 : 1173-1179, 1958

10 Yu, C. K. -C., "Typical dreams experienced by Chinese people" 18 : 1-10, 2008

11 Schredl, M., "Typical dreams : Stability and gender differences" 138 : 485-494, 2004

12 Sandyk, R., "Treatment with weak electromagnetic fields restores dream recall in a Parkinsonian patient" 90 : 75-86, 1997

13 Whitman, R. M., "The varying uses of the dream in clinical psychiatry, In The psychodynamic implications of the physiological studies on dreams" Charles C. Thomas 1970

14 Nielsen, T. A., "The typical dreams of Canadian university students" 13 : 211-235, 2003

15 Blagrove, M. T., "The relationshp of nightmare frequency and nightmare distress to well-being" 13 : 129-136, 2004

16 Hill, C., "The phenomenology of nightmares and nightmare distress"

17 Gottesmann, C., "The neurobiological characteristics of rapid eye movement(REM)sleep are candidate endophenotypes of depression, schizophrenia, mental retardation and dementia" 81 : 237-250, 2007

18 Freud, S., "The interpretation of dreams, In The standard edition of the complete works of Sigmund Freud (Vols. 4-5)" Hogarth Press 1900

19 Hall, C. S., "The individual and his dreams" New American Library 1972

20 Stewart, D. W., "The function of dreams in adaptation to stress over time" 3 : 259-268, 1993

21 Scarone, S., "The dream as a model for psychosis : an experimental approach using bizarreness as a cognitive marker" 34 : 515-522, 2008

22 Derogatis, L. R., "The Brief Symptom Inventory : An introductory report" 13 : 595-605, 1983

23 Zadra, A. L., "The 55 typical dreams questionnaire: Consistencies across student samples" 22 : 175-, 1999

24 Derogatis, L. R., "Symptom Checklist-90-R administration, scoring, and procedures manual-Ⅱ" Clinical Psychometric Research 1983

25 Gabbard, G. O., "Psychodynamic psychiatry in clinical practice" American Psychiatric Publishing 2005

26 Yu, C. K. -C., "Paranoia in dreams and the classification of typical dreams" 19 : 255-272, 2009

27 Zanasi, M., "Oneiric activity in schizophrenia : Textual analysis of dream reports" 20 : 337-348, 2011

28 Beaulieu-Prévost, D., "Making sense of dream experiences : A multidimensional approach to beliefs about dreams" 19 : 119-134, 2009

29 Busink, R., "Identifying types of impactful dreams : A replication" 6 : 97-119, 1996

30 Arnulf, I., "Hallucinations, REM sleep, and Parkinson's disease : A medical hypothesis" 55 : 281-288, 2000

31 Domhoff, G. W., "Finding meaning in dreams" Plenum Press 1996

32 Kramer, M., "Dreams in psychopathologic patient groups, In Sleep disorders: Diagnosis and treatment" John Wiley & Sons 1978

33 Carrington, P., "Dreams and schizophrenia" 26 : 343-350, 1972

34 Hobson, J. A., "Dreaming as delirium: A mental status examination of our nightly madness" 17 : 121-128, 1997

35 Gottesmann, C., "Dreaming and schizophrenia : A common neurobiological background" 3 : 64-74, 2005

36 Schredl, M., "Dreaming and Psychopathology : Dream recall and dream content of psychiatric inpatients" 3 : 44-54, 2001

37 Kramer, M., "Dream content in male schizophrenic patients" 31 : 51-58, 1970

38 Lusignan, F. A., "Dream content in chronically treated person with schizophrenia" 112 : 164-173, 2009

39 Hartmann, E., "Dream content : Effects of L-Dopa" 9 : 153-, 1980

40 Yu, C. K. -C., "Dream Intensity Scale : Factors in the phenomenological analysis of dreams" 20 : 107-129, 2010

41 Yu C. K. -C., "Dream Intensity Inventory and Chinese people's dream experience frequencies" 18 : 94-111, 2008

42 Levin, R., "Disturbed dreaming, posttraumatic stress disorder, and affect distress : A review and neurocognitive model" 133 : 482-528, 2007

43 Dazzan, P., "Different effects of typical and atypical antipsychotics on grey matter in first episode psychosis: the AESOP study" 30 : 765-774, 2005

44 American Psychiatric Association, "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-Fourth Edition: International Version: DSM-IV)" APA 1994

45 Yu, C. K. -C., "Ancient Chinese sex symbols in dreams" 18 : 158-166, 2008

46 Miro, E., "Affective and personality characteristics in function of nightmare prevalence, nightmare distress, and interference due to nightmares" 15 : 89-105, 2005

47 Kramer, M., "A comparison of dream content in laboratory dream reports of schizophrenic and depressive patient groups" 14 : 325-329, 1973