The Mediating Role of Self-Regulation Between Digital Literacy and Learning Outcomes in the Digital Textbook for Middle School English

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Digital textbooks draw attention as a new format of educational material, using the advantages of information technology; this innovative learning tool requires consideration as a part of successful and effective learning. The main purpose of the article is to investigate the mediating role of self-regulation between digital literacy and learning outcomes (academic performance and learning motivation) when using digital textbooks as a learning tool in Middle School English. Both descriptive and regression analysis were used as data analyses methods. The main findings of this study were as follows: first, digital literacy and self-regulation significantly predicted academic performance and learning motivation; second, self-regulation fully mediated between digital literacy and academic performance; third, self-regulation partially mediated between digital literacy and learning motivation. The research results proved the effects of digital literacy and self-regulation on the learning outcomes and mediating role of self-regulation between digital literacy and learning outcomes. These results help to design and implement effective lessons when using a digital textbook in Middle school English.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 홍후조, "학습자 중심의 ‘참고서가 필요 없는’, ‘확장된’ 교과서의 의미와 구현 방안 탐색" 학습자중심교과교육학회 13 (13): 255-283, 2013

2 김선태, "초등학생의 디지털 리터러시 역량에 관한 연구" 한국정보교육학회 12 (12): 151-161, 2008

3 송윤희, "초등사회과 서책형교과서와 디지털교과서 활용 수업의 효과 비교" 한국교육공학회 27 (27): 177-211, 2011

4 이지수, "증강현실 기반 학습프로그램이 학습동기 및 학업성취도에 미치는 영향 : Keller의 동기설계 모형을 적용한 초등과학 학습프로그램의 개발 및 적용" 한독교육학회 15 (15): 99-121, 2010

5 변호승, "전자교과서 프로토타입 개발 연구" 한국교육공학회 22 (22): 217-240, 2006

6 이명진, "자기조절 연구의 현황과 과제" 교육문제연구소 (39) : 161-193, 2011

7 장은우, "인터넷 접근과 활용 및 인지요인이 디지털 리터러시에 미치는 영향" 서울대학교 대학원 2014

8 심선경, "온라인 수업에서 학습도구와 자기조절학습, 학업성취 간의 관계 연구" 한국콘텐츠학회 13 (13): 456-467, 2013

9 한종임, "영어 디지털교과서 활용 학습 모형이 중학교 학습자의 영어 학습 및 태도에 미치는 영향" 한국멀티미디어언어교육학회 17 (17): 132-158, 2014

10 강명희, "수학 디지털교과서 활용 수업성과에 대한 정보리터러시와 학업적 자기효능감의 예측력과 인지적 실재감의 매개효과 검증" 한국교육방법학회 23 (23): 127-150, 2011

11 강명희, "디지털교과서를 활용한 초등영어 수업에서 학습성과를 예측하는 요인 분석" 한국교육정보미디어학회 16 (16): 197-221, 2010

12 김민하, "디지털 리터러시 능력 확인을 위한 문항개발 및 능력 평가" 한국교육정보미디어학회 9 (9): 159-192, 2003

13 Mohammadyari, S., "Understanding the effect of e-learning on individual performance : The role of digital literacy" 82 (82): 11-25, 2015

14 Pintrich, P., "Understanding Self-Regulated Learning" Jossey-Bass 1995

15 Corno, L., "The role of cognitive engagement in classroom learning and motivation" 18 (18): 88-108, 1983

16 Mischel, W., "The nature of adolescent competencies predicted by preschool delay of gratification" 54 (54): 687-696, 1988

17 Baron, R. M., "The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research : Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations" 51 (51): 1173-1182, 1986

18 Westhuizen, D., "The Role of Digital Literacy in the Academic Performance of First-Year Students in an Information Technology Course" 1 (1): 873-878, 2010

19 Steffens, K., "Technology Enhanced Learning Environments for self‐regulated learning: a framework for research" 17 (17): 221-232, 2008

20 Keller, J. M., "Strategies for stimulating the motivation to learn" 26 (26): 1-7, 1987

21 Kim, J., "South Korean digital textbook project" 27 (27): 247-265, 2010

22 Sobel, M. E., "Sociological Methodology 1982" American Sociological Association 290-312, 1982

23 Bandura, A., "Social cognitive theory of self-regulation" 50 (50): 248-287, 1991

24 Schunk, D. H., "Self-regulatory processes during computer skill acquisition : Goal and self-evaluative influences" 91 (91): 251-, 1999

25 Winters, F. I., "Self-regulation of learning within computer-based learning environments : A critical analysis" 20 (20): 429-444, 2008

26 Vohs, K. D., "Self-regulation and selfpresentation : regulatory resource depletion impairs impression management and effortful self-presentation depletes regulatory resources" 88 (88): 632-, 2005

27 Delfino, M., "Self-Regulated Learning in Communities" 17 (17): 195-205, 2008

28 Barnard, L., "Online Self-Regulatory Learning Behaviors as a Mediator in the Relationship between Online Course Perceptions with Achievement" 9 (9): 1-11, 2008

29 Keller, J. M., "Motivational design for learning and performance: The ARCS model approach" Springer 2010

30 Pintrich, P. R., "Motivational and self-regulated learning components of classroom academic performance" 82 (82): 33-40, 1990

31 Crook, G., "Motivation : Reopening the Research Agenda" 41 (41): 469-512, 1991

32 Boyd, M. J., "Media literacy and positive youth development" 41 : 251-271, 2011

33 Verhoeven, L., "Literacy and motivation: Reading engagement in individuals and groups" Routledge 2001

34 Auld, D. C., "Linkages between motivation, self-efficacy, self-regulated learning and preferences for traditional learning environments or those with an online component" 2 (2): 128-143, 2010

35 Becker, M., "Intrinsic and extrinsic reading motivation as predictors of reading literacy : A longitudinal study" 102 (102): 773-, 2010

36 American Association of Colleges & Universities, "Information literacy value rubric"

37 Vrana, R., "Information Literacy. Lifelong Learning and Digital Citizenship in the 21st Century" Springer International Publishing 160-169, 2014

38 Wolf, S., "Information Literacy and Self-Regulation : A Convergence of Disciplines" 10 : 1-1, 2007

39 Spitzer, K. I., "Information Literacy : Essential skills for the information age" Syracuse University 1998

40 Boekaerts, M., "Handbook of self-regulation" Academic Press 445-457, 2000

41 California Media and Library Educators Association, "From library skills to information literacy: A handbook for the 21st century" HiWillow 1994

42 Connor, C., "First graders’ literacy and self-regulation gains : The effect of individualizing student instruction" 48 (48): 433-455, 2010

43 Byeon, H., "Effectiveness of digital textbook" Korea education and research information service

44 Prensky, M., "Don't Bother Me, Mom, I'm Learning!: How Computer and Video Games are Preparing Your Kids for 21st Century Success and how You Can Help!" Paragon House 2006

45 Gilster, P., "Digital literacy"

46 Zillien, N., "Digital distinction : Status-specific types of internet usage" 90 (90): 274-291, 2009

47 Kahne, J., "Digital Media literacy education and online civic and political participation" 6 : 1-24, 2012

48 Zimmerman, B. J., "Development of a structured interview for assessing student use of self-regulated learning strategies" 23 (23): 614-628, 1986

49 Lim, D., "Combined effect of instructional and learner variables on course outcomes within an online learning environment" 5 (5): 255-269, 2006

50 Raver, C. C., "CSRP’s impact on low‐income preschoolers’ preacademic skills : self‐regulation as a mediating mechanism" 82 (82): 362-378, 2011

51 Bell, B. S., "Active Learning: Effect of core training design elements on self-regulatory processes, learning and adaptability" 93 (93): 296-316, 2008

52 Jeong, M. K., "A study on the difference of self-regulated learning by grade and ability group" 13 (13): 305-332, 1999

53 Byeon, H., "A study for developing a standard of e-textbooks in 2005" Korea education and research information service

54 Rickman, J. T., "A campus-wide Etextbook initiative" 32 (32): 2009