카버의 『내가 전화를 거는 곳』과 런던의 『불 피우기』에 나타난 목표의식과 실천의지에 대한 비교 연구 = A Comparative Study of Goal Setting and Willpower Expressed in Carver’s “Where I’m Calling From” and London’s “To Build a Fire”

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Raymond Carver’s “Where I’m Calling From” is a story about the first-person narrator, an unnamed alcoholic in a rehabilitation facility. This paper aims at showing a positive perspective on life of the narrator, analyzing the author’s intention to allude to Jack London’s The Call of the Wild, a novel about a wolf-dog who recovers his wild nature and returns to nature, and “To Build a Fire,” a short story about an unnamed protagonist called ‘the man’ who, in his travel on the frozen Yukon land, freezes to death as he fails to build a fire. The analysis of Carver’s creative purpose mainly focuses on comparing the unnamed narrator’s determination to recover from his uncontrolled alcoholism with the unnamed man’s attempt to build his second fire with his frozen, uncontrolled hands. Inasmuch as the man in London’s story fails to survive, his tremendous willpower to survive is quite memorable; the narrator in Carver’s story, who denied his own alcoholism and his girlfriend’s possible cancer, ultimately confronts these fears and refusals, which cease to paralyze him. Even though Carver’s story is open-ended, the narrator’s changed attitude towards life suggests a hopeful, but not promising, future.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 한정희, "카버의 두 단편소설 비교: 「목욕」과 개정본 「조그마한 좋은 것」의 상이한 구조와 의미" 한국동서비교문학학회 (34) : 171-190, 2015

2 Carver, Raymond, "Raymond Carver: Collected Stories" Library of America 2009

3 Skelenicka, Carol, "Raymond Carver: A Writers’s Life" Scribner 2009

4 Campbell, Ewing, "Raymond Carver: A Study of the Short Fiction" Twayne 1992

5 WHO Data, "List of Countries by Alcohol Consumption per Capita"

6 Pizer, Donald, "Jack London’s ‘To Build a Fire’: How Not to Read Naturalist Fiction" (34) : 218-227, 2010

7 Hanson, Dirk, "Jack London and His Alcoholic Memoirs"

8 Watkins, Meredith, "How Long Does It Take to Detox From Alcohol?"

9 Hillier, Russell M, "Crystal Beards and Dantean Influence in Jack London’s ‘To Build a Fire(II)’" (23) : 172-178, 2010

10 Nesset, Kirk, "Critical Insights" Salem 87-106, 2013

11 London, Jack, "An Introduction to Fiction" Pearson 132-143, 2005

12 NIAAA, "Alcohol Facts and Statistics"