생명공학 벤트그라스 개발 = Recent advances in the development of biotech bentgrass

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is economically important as the principal turfgrass species for golf course greens and fairways in temperate climates around the world. As the utilization area of the turfgrass species increases recently, the demand for new and improved cultivars increases. Thus, substantial progress has been made in applying modern biotechnology to develop genetically engineered (i.e., biotech) creeping bentgrass with new traits that eluded the breeders. This review article addresses the advances made in developing biotech creeping bentgrass, which are categorized in the following topics: (i) genetic transformation of creeping bentgrass, (ii) development of various biotech creeping bentgrasses by genetic engineering, and (iii) progresses in the deregulation of herbicide-resistant creeping bentgrass.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근 생활수준 향상에 따라 잔디 요구량과 다양한 잔
디 품종에 대한 수요가 지속적으로 늘어나고 있다. 하지
만 전통육종 방법을 통한 품종 개량이나 개발은 한계가
있고, 어렵고, 시간과 비용이 많이 드는 단점이 있어 최
근에는 생명공학 기법을 이용한 잔디 품종 개발 연구가
많이 진행되고 있다. 실제로 골프장에 전적으로 쓰이는
여러 크리핑 벤트그라스 품종에 대한 형질전환 시스템이
개발되었고, 이를 이용하여 제초제 저항성 잔디, 가뭄 또
는 병 저항성 잔디, 그리고 노화지연 잔디나 색깔 잔디
등 기존의 전통육종 방법으로는 얻을 수 없었던 새로운
형질을 지닌 생명공학 잔디들이 개발되었다. 향후에도
새로운 유전자 연구 진행과 더불어 더 많은 생명공학 잔
디가 개발될 것으로 여겨지며, 미래에는 다양한 형질을
복합적으로 지니는 생명공학 잔디도 개발될 것으로 예측
된다. 하지만 개발된 생명공학 벤트그라스의 상업화를
위한 탈규제 과정을 위하여 앞으로 더 많은 연구가 필요
할 것으로 판단된다.
새로운 Millenium이 시작된 2000년도에 뉴욕타임즈가
선정한 2010년의 첨단상품들에 “깎을 필요 없는 잔디”가
포함되어 있었다 (www.nytimes.com/library/magazine/home/
20000611mag-lawn.html). 이것은 미국 Salk Institute의 Joanne
Chory 박사가 발견한 BAS-1이라는 유전자를 담배로 도입
시켰을 때 1.5 m이상 자라던 담배가 약 25 cm로 되는 것
을 관찰하였고, 이 유전자를 벤트그라스 잔디로 도입시
켜 키가 작아 깎을 필요 없는 잔디를 개발할 수 있다는
기대감으로 선정된 것으로 추정된다. 이러한 예에서 보
듯이 미래 사회에 필요하고 사람들의 기대에 부응하는
생명공학 잔디 개발은 앞으로도 중요한 연구가 될 것으
로 판단된다.

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