한국 해군장교 계급장의 변천사 = 금속형 계급장을 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Rank insignia means a symbol that, attached to military uniform or cap, and shows soldier’s status and rank. This article examines the transition of metal grade insignia especially. Design features of periodical changes in the insignia are summed as follows.
First, the rank insignia in early period was designed Taeguk symbol at the center of the bases of Mugunghwa pattern. This insignia had been used during the period from February 1 1946 to November 30. The insignia borrowed the retaining button of police officer’s cap in the National Security Guard temporarily, which indicated the limits that the navy failed to establish its independent rank insignia.
During the transition period, the rank insignia of the Korean navy reflected its original characteristics. Of course, the star-shape rank insignia of flag officers was influenced by that of the US Navy. Unlike this, the rank insignias of officers below flag grade were manufactured following the tortoise shell shape that symbolized the armor protecting the rooftop of the turtle ship. It meant the birth of Korean navy’s original rank insignia with independent and distinctive characteristics since the insignia was granted with the symbolic significance that the navy was the posterity of Admiral Yi Sunshin.
In the settlement period, the Korean naval officer’s rank insignia was revised to the triservice common insignia. The Ministry of Defense began to commonize rank insignia in 1953 and adopted diamond(Company grade officer), bamboo leaf(field grade officer), and star(flag officer) designs. These designs represented the gradually escalating ranks in terms of the natural world; they also meant that individual rank insignias of each branch of the armed forces became a triservice common system. The common insignia was in use between May 1954 and August 1975.
In September 1975, naval officer’s rank insignia went through a partial revision. It was because the star-shape rank insignia of flag officers was identical to that of foreign armed forces and thus lacked originality. Therefore, Mugunghwa and its leaves were added to the insignia as the flower reflected Korean character. This design was expanded to the entire officer ranks in January 1980.
The application of the design that symbolized Korea to the entire officer’s rank insignia meant the complete establishment of naval officer’s rank insignia system as the design demonstrated clearly the national identity. This complete rank insignia system continues today, making itself the core symbol of the identity of officers of the navy and the Korean armed forces.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 머리말
• 2. 초창기(1946.2.~1946.11.)
• 3. 과도기(1946.12.~1954.4.)
• 4. 정착기(1954.5.~1975.8.)
• 5. 완성기(1975.9.~1980.1.)
• 6. 맺음말
• 〈참고문헌〉
• 〈Abstract〉

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 오진근, "해군창설의 주역 손원일 제독[상]" 한국해양전략연구소 2006

2 "해군사관학교 5기생 앨범집"

3 "해군사관학교 3기생 앨범집"

4 심헌용, "한말 군 근대화 연구" 국방부 군사편찬연구소 2005

5 신성재, "한국 해군장교 정모휘장의 변천과 그 함의" 국방부군사편찬연구소 (94) : 247-280, 2015

6 이경미, "제복의 탄생 – 대한제국 서구식 문관대례복의 성립과 변천" 민속원 2012

7 金省三, "우리 海軍의 걸어온 길" 1 (1): 1951

8 "부대역사자료 1권(1946.1.1. ~ 1980.12.31.)"

9 서인한, "대한제국의 군사제도" 혜안 2000

10 신성재, "대한민국 해군 우리의 미래(해군창설 70주년 기념 특별전)" 해군사관학교 박물관 2015

11 "高宗實錄"

12 金舜圭, "韓國의 軍服飾發達史 Ⅱ 現代篇" 國防軍史硏究所 1998

13 金在勝, "韓國近代海軍創設史" 혜안 2000

14 金在勝, "近代韓英海洋交流史" 仁濟大學校 出版部 1997

15 "海軍禮式服制記錄物資料集(관리번호 : 14-D-전-000020)"

16 박원규, "海軍服制 變遷槪要" 海軍本部政訓監室 (272) : 1977

17 海軍本部, "海軍 30年史 1945~1975" 1978

18 "日省錄"

19 "承政院日記"

20 백기인, "建軍史" 국방부 군사편찬연구소 2002

21 海軍本部 戰史編纂官室, "大韓民國海軍史(行政篇) 第1輯" 1954

22 國防部, "國防史" 國防部戰史編纂委員會 1984