주석의 안정적 수급관리를 위한 물질흐름분석 = Material Flow Analysis for Stable Supply and Demand Management of Tin

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

There has been a rapid increase in metal prices in recent times, due to global competition to acquire rare metal resources, as well as the resource weaponization policies of resource-rich countries. Some resource-rich countries are strengthening export controls and taxation through protectionist trade policies, enhancing instability in the supply of minerals. Futhermore, the current global reserves and mining amounts of tin are 4.9 million tons and 4.6 million tons, respectively, with an estimated reserve life of 15.3 years. Considering these circumstances, this study conducted a material flow analysis to examine the fluctuation of tin on an annual basis and analyze relevant industry trends. Through this, we aim to achieve stable management of tin, which is a not only a limited resource but also designated as a conflict mineral. The results of the material flow analysis indicate that tin, due to its low melting point and corrosion resistance, is widely used as a key material in industries, such as electrical and electronics, display, and steel industries. Among these products, printed circuit boards, metal products, and gas sensors experienced significant fluctuations in 2021. In particular, printed circuit boards witnessed a 55% increase, as compared to 2018. Furthermore, printed circuit boards accounted for 47%, or 5,625 tons out of 11,963 tons, of the flow of intermediate products in primary processed goods. Currently, the global market size of printed circuit boards is growing consistently, and domestic demand is also increasing. However, in 2021, the resource circulation and recycling rates of tin declined slightly to 4.3% and 27.5%, respectively, compared to 5.1% and 29.6% in 2018. This suggests the need for the recovery of tin within printed circuit boards, from the perspective of resource circulation and recycling rates. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the material flow of tin in both, 2018 and 2021, to derive key implications and propose measures to improve the rate of its resource circulation and recycling.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 정진기 ; 이재천 ; 최준철, "폐휴대폰 내의 인쇄회로기판에 함유된 금속 성분의 변화" 한국자원리싸이클링학회 24 (24): 76-80, 2015

2 이희선 ; 이정민 ; 이소라, "코발트와 팔라듐 폐금속자원의 흐름분석을 통한 자원순환 활성화 방안" 한국자원리싸이클링학회 27 (27): 4-21, 2018

3 진연호 ; 장대환 ; 정항철 ; 이기웅, "주석 함유 폐자원의 공정부산물 전처리 기술" 한국분말재료학회 21 (21): 142-146, 2014

4 김용환 ; 손성호 ; 최한신 ; 한철웅 ; 김태범 ; 안재우 ; 김홍인 ; 이기웅, "물질흐름 및 특허분석을 통한 주석 스크랩 재활용 기술 동향" 한국자원리싸이클링학회 23 (23): 61-70, 2014

5 김장우 ; 문진영 ; 황용우 ; 김준범, "국내 화학소재 산업에서의 부타디엔 물질흐름분석에 관한 연구" 한국폐기물자원순환학회 33 (33): 645-653, 2016

6 박준철 ; 황용우 ; 김준범 ; 김영운, "국내 트리클로로에틸렌의 물질흐름분석" 대한환경공학회 42 (42): 188-196, 2020

7 H. D. Li, "Tracing the global tin flow network : highly concentrated production and consumption" 169 : 105495-, 2021

8 Ministry of Environment, "The 1st Resource Circulation Basic Plan (2018~2027)" 2-10, 2018

9 "THEELEC"

10 T. Z. Yang, "Recovery of tin from metal powders of waste printed circuit boards" 68 : 449-457, 2017

11 L. A. Castro, "Recovery of tin and copper by recycling of printed circuit boards from obsolete computers" 26 (26): 649-657, 2009

12 S. R. Lee, "Recovery of high purity Sn by Multi-step reduction of Sn-containing in"dustrial wastes" 24 (24): 11-15, 2015

13 U.S. Geological Survey, "Mineral commodity summaries 2023" United States Government Printing Office 182-183, 2023

14 J. Q, "Mem"brane electrodeposition process for tin recovery from waste PCB" 304 : 409-416, 2016

15 C. R. Yang, "Measuring the sustainability of tin in china" 635 : 1351-1359, 2018

16 J. G. Kim, "Material flow and industrial demand for palladium in Korea" 77 : 24-28, 2013

17 Korea International Trade Association Brussels Branch, "Main contents of the EU Critical Raw Materials Act"

18 "Korea-Material Flow Analysis"

19 J. G. Kim, "Investigation on material flow in indium demand industry" 18 (18): 313-321, 2011

20 H. J. Ko, "Investigation of material flow and industrial trend of domestic europium" 20 (20): 382-387, 2013

21 김정곤 ; 이일석, "Industrial Demand and Integrated Material Flow of Terbium in Korea" 한국정밀공학회 1 (1): 145-152, 2014

22 M. H. Lee, "ISSUE REPORT Semiconductor industry export outlook in 2022" Korea Eximbank 1-10, 2022

23 J. Y. Shin., "Hyunwoo industrial(IT parts)" Korea IR Council 4-11, 2022

24 Y. S. Heo, "Gas sensor" ASTI MARKET INSIGHT, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information 4-5, 2022

25 EU Commission, "Commission announces actions to make Europe’s raw materials supply more secure and sustainable"

26 T. H. Kim, "Analysis of strategies for securing core minerals in major countries" Korea Energy Economics Institute 53-59, 2021

27 T. H. Kim, "Analysis of strategies for securing core minerals in major countries" Korea Energy Economics Institute 44-46, 2021

28 H. L. An, "Analysis of com"mercial recycling technology and research trend of printed circuit boards in Korea" 26 (26): 9-18, 2017