구약 국역사에서 Alex. A. Pieters의 위치와 의의 = The Significance of Alex. A. Pieters' Contribution to the History of Korean Translation of the Old Testament

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The present article purports to enlighten Alexander Albert Pieters　 work and its significance in the history of Korean translation of the Old Testament. Especially his translation of the Psalms, ‘Si Pyeon Chwal Yo’ the Old Version of Korean Translation of the Old Testament (OVKTOT) and the Revised Version of Korean Translation of the Old Testament (RVKTOT), alongside his activities, will be examined in the article.
Pieters was born on the 30th of December, 1871, and died on the 29th of June, 1958. He selected 62 psalms, apart from imprecatory ones out of total 150 psalms, and translated them into Korean. Twice in October and November 1898, Methodist Sam Mun Publishing in Seoul printed 2500 copies and published the work, entitled, ‘Si Pyeon Chwal Yo’ It was the very first Korean translation of a book from the Old Testament book ever published, and later OVKTOT (1911 edition) and RVKTOT owed a lot to it. ‘Si Pyeon Chwal Yo’ is written in easy Korean, exhibits poetic rhythm and bears resemblence to the original Hebrew quite closely.
Authorized Translation Committee began its Old Testament translation from October 17th, 1904, and published the books of Genesis and Psalms in 1906. The work was assisted by Pieters　 helpful ‘Si Pyeon Chwal Yo’ Finally on the 2nd of April, the entire books of the Old Testament was completed (it took 5 years, 5 months and 16 days). On the 9th of March 1911, the very first Korean Holy Bible (the Old and New Testaments combined) was published. It consisted of 2 volumes of the Old Testament and 1 volume of the New Testament, which were the Old Version of Korean Translation of the Holy Bible.
Since the use of proper nouns in the 1911 edition of OVKTOT was not consistent, W.D. Reynolds and his Korean assistants, from July 1912, set out constructing a writing system of proper nouns, which was accepted by the committee of the Revised Version of Korean Translation of the Holy Bible in 1913.
In March 1936, the RVKTOT was completed. The version was aimed to be made as closely as possible to Ginsburg’s Hebrew Bible, in the principle of literal rendering of the original language. On December 1936, the RVKTOT was published.
Pieters, from January 1926, worked as a lifelong member of the committee of the Revised Version of the Old Testament. He, together with Won Mo Lee, worked on tuning the literary style and accuracy of the OT revised translation of 1936, finishing the revision definitely in August 1937. On the 3rd of September 1938, the work was published, in a set with the New Testament, as the Revised Version of the Holy Bible.
Undoubtedly Alexander Pieters is a pioneer in the history of Korean translation of the Old Testament; he indeed was an inpotant man in creating the OVKTOT and revising it to give birth to the RVKTOT. It is now clear that OVKTOT is not rendered from any Chinese or English versions of the Bible, but directly translated from the Hebrew texts. Pieters certainly played a central role especially in the translation of the RVKTOT.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 구약의 국역사에서 중요한 역할을 수행했던 알렉산더 피터스(Alexander Albert Pieters)의 역사적 위치와 그의 활동 및 의의를 조명하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 시편촬요, 구역구약성경 및 개역 구약성경의 역사와 피터스의 활동을 함게 살펴본다. 본 연구를 통하여 피터스에 대한 오해를 수정할 수 있으며 그의 활동의 역사적 의의를 보다 바르게 자리매김할 수 있게 되었다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 대한성서공회, "한글성경 표기의 기초를 세운 사람 김 태룡" 대한성서공회 44 (44): 25-27, 1998

2 김 중은, "한글성경 개역개정판 구약전서 (서울: 대한성서공회, 1998년 8월 31일) 초판에 대한 서평" (35) : 196-199, 1998

3 류 대영, "한국어 성경 서지목록, 대한성서공회사 II" 대한성서공회 683-690, 1994

4 민 영진, "피득의 시편촬요" (17) : 1979

5 감리교회협성신학교, "피득 목사,성경연구의 방법" 2 (2): 11-116, 1917

6 민 영진, "우리말 번역 성서, 히브리어에서 우리말로" 두란노 181-195, 1996

7 김 인수, "언더우드 목사의 선교 편지, 1885-1916" 장로회신학대학교출판부 2002

8 박 용규, "알렉산더 피터스, Alexander Albert Pieters, 1871-1958: 성경번역자, 찬송가 작사자, 복음전도자, 1895-1911, 평양대부흥 100주년기념 알렉산더 피터스 선교사 조명" 내곡교회와 한국교회사연구소 21-79, 2007

9 정 비호, "시편촬요(1,2,8편)에 나타난 피터스의 번역원칙이 한글성서번역에 끼친 영향 연구-MT, 문리역(1910), 구약전서(1930), 시편(1936)과의 비교" 김리교신학대학원 1995

10 옥 성득, "대한성서공회사, 자료집 제1권, 로스 서신과 루미스 서신" 대한성서공회 298-673, 2004

11 민 휴, "단권성서주석 (류형기편), 단권성서주석" 숭문사 1949

12 류 대영, "구역과 개역성경의 번역과 출판, 대한성서공회사 II" 대한성서공회 23-204, 1994

13 김 중은, "구약성서국역사, 구약의 말씀과 현실" 한국성서학연구소 1-55, 1996

14 Reynolds, W. D, "Translation of the Scripture into Korean,” The Language Files of the Translations Department, Korean I, 1901-1922 (BFBS) = 1910년 구약 구역 완료 보고서"

15 Pieters, Alexander A, "The Unabridged Korean-English Dictionary" The Christian Literary Society of Korea 1931

16 Ginsburg, Christian D, "The Old Testament, diligently revised according to the Massorah and the early Editions, with the various readings from Manuscripts and the Ancient Versions"

17 Pieters, Alexander A, "Report for the year 1906-1907"

18 Pieters, Alexander A, "Notes on Old Testament Revision" The Korea Mission Field 78-80, 1940

19 Pieters, Alexander A, "First Translations" The Korea Mission Field 91-93, 1938