환경주의 결정구조의 보편성과 특수성 -32개국 비교분석과 정책적 함의- = Analyzing The Universality and Particularity of Determinant Structure of Environmentalism: Comparative Study of 32 Countries and Policy Implication

국문 초록 (Abstract)

지구 온난화로 인한 기상이변 속출은 전세계적으로 환경주의의 성장과 확산을 가져오고 있다. 이와 같은 환경주의 확산은 환경정책의 근본적 변화를 야기하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 32개국 국민을 대상으로 수집된 설문조사자료를 바탕으로 환경정책의 근간이 되는 환경주의 결정요인과 관련된 인과적 법칙들의 보편성과 특수성을 분석하는데 있다. 핵심적 분석결과를 살펴보면 첫째, 환경주의 설명에서 사회인구학적 요인 보다는 가치적 요인과 환경심리적 요인이 높은 설명력을 가지고 있었으며, 특히 회의적 환경주의, 자기 효능감, 과학적 낙관주의 등의 변수가 환경주의 설명에 결정적으로 기여하고 있다. 둘째, 각 변수들의 영향력에서 연령, 성, 교육, 소득, 과학적 낙관주의, 환경위험지각, 환경지식, 자기 효능감 등은 환경주의에 正(+)의 영향을, 회의적 환경주의는 負(-)의 영향을 미치고 있었다. 셋째, 세 가지 요인들(사회인구학적 요인, 가치적 요인, 환경심리적 요인)로 구성된 전체 모형의 설명력은 국가에 따라 차이를 보이고 있다. 이와 같은 환경주의와 관련된 구조적 법칙들은 향후 환경정책 설계와 환경갈등의 원인 진단을 위한 유용한 정보로 활용될 것으로 예상된다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The catastrophic disaster caused by climate change is bring out the growth and expansion of environmentalism across countries. Such growth in environmentalism has been bringing out the change in environmental policy. Based on survey data collected from people across 32 countries, our study aims to analyze the determinants for environmentalism, by which we confirm the universal or particular rule underlying environmentalism. The results show first that the environmental psychological factors and value factor explain the environmentalism more than the social structural variables. In particular, skeptical environmentalism, efficacy, scientific optimism mainly explain the variance of environmentalism. Second, age, gender, education, scientific optimism, risk perception, knowledge and efficacy have positive impact on environmentalism whereas skeptical environmentalism does negative on it. Third, the explanation power of model based on three factors is varying across countries.

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