만성 알코올 중독성 기억장애의 세부적 특성에 관한 연구 = Characteristics of Memory Deficits in Chronic Alcoholics

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 만성 알코올 중독성 환자에서 나타나는 기억장애의 세부적 특징을 살펴보고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해 알코올 의존 환자 28명과 정상인 26명에게 ‘Rey-Kim 기억검사’와 K-WAIS를 실시하였다. 알코올 의존군이 보여주는 기억장애의 주요 특성은 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 기억기능을 즉시기억(immediate memory), 최근기억(recent memory), 옛날기억(remote memory)으로 구분하여 살펴본 결과 최근기억에만 결손이 있었고 즉시기억과 옛날기억은 정상 수준이었다. 둘째, 최근기억의 내용을 언어기억(verbal memory)과 시각기억(visual memory)으로 구분하여 살펴본 결과 언어기억과 시각기억 모두에 결손이 있었다. 셋째, 최근기억의 인지적 과정을 등록(encoding), 유지(retention), 인출(retrieval) 단계로 구분하여 살펴본 결과 등록과 인출 단계에만 결손이 있었고 유지 단계는 정상 수준이었다. 넷째, 최근기억과 일반지능에서 결손된 정도를 비교한 결과 최근기억의 결손이 유의하게 더 심하였다. 이 결과는 최근기억의 장애가 일반화된(generalized) 인지장애가 아니라 기억에 특이한(specific) 인지장애임을 시사한다. 마지막으로, 최근기억장애를 개인별 수준에서 살펴본 결과 다수가 경증이었고 중증은 약 20% 정도에 해당하였다. 종합적으로, 본 연구의 결과들은 만성 알코올 중독성 기억장애의 학술적 이해와 임상적 관리에 유용한 정보를 제공한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of the present study was to investigate specific characteristics of memory deficits, associated with chronic alcoholism. To this end, we administered Rey-Kim memory test and K-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale to a sample of 28 alcohol dependent patients and 26 normal controls. The alcohol dependent group showed the following characteristics in their memory deficits. First, their memory deficits involved recent memory, but not immediate or remote memory. Second, their recent-memory deficits involved both verbal and visual memory. Third, their recent-memory deficits involved problems in registration and retrieval stage, but not in retention stage. Fourth, their deficits in recent memory were more severe than their deficits in general intelligence, suggesting that the memory deficits were not part of generalized cognitive dysfunction, but a memory-specific dysfunction. Finally, about 20% of the patients evidenced severe memory decline, whereas other patients showed mild to moderate decline. These results provide useful data for the understanding of alcoholic memory deficits and their clinical managements.

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