사회적 신뢰의 결정요인에 관한 비교역사적 연구 = A Comparative Historical Study on the Prerequisites of Social Trust

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Social trust has been regarded as the product of voluntary associations. Since many empirical studies have not shown strong support for this cultural explanation, other theoretical arguments emphasizing the role of political or legal institutions have emerged. This research evaluates two arguments by analyzing Western historical experiences. Cautioning against the possible methodological fallacy in existing individual-level research, Anglo-American experiences are contrasted with those of Germany in terms of culture and institutions. This comparative historical analysis concludes that the social effects of associational activities were positive in countries where political institutions developed in tandem. This result implies that social capital increases only when associational activities are supported by political institutions.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

사회적 신뢰는 주로 자발적 조직들의 사회적 효과로 설명되었다. 그러나 이러한 문화적 설명을 뒷받침할만한 일관된 경험적 증거를 찾지 못하자, 비판적 시각에서 제시된 이론적 정향이 제도를 중시하는 사회적 자본론이다. 본 연구는 서구의 역사적 경험에 비추어 이런 상반된 시각의 타당성을 살펴본다. 기존 연구가 방법론적인 오류의 여지가 있고 개념적으로 일관적이지 않음을 지적하면서, 제도와 문화의 측면에서 영, 미의 역사적 경험과 독일의 경험을 비교한다. 역사적 비교분석을 통해서 조직활동과 정치제도의 상호작용에 의해 사회적 변화가 이루어지는 국가에서 조직활동의 사회적 효과도 긍정적이라는 것을 알 수 있다. 이는 정치적 제도와 자발적 조직활동이 보완적으로 발전하는 사회에서 사회적 신뢰가 신장된다는 것을 의미한다.

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