統一新羅 開始期의 印花文土器 –曆年代 資料 確保를 위하여– = Pottery with Stamped Design from the Early Stage of the Unified Silla Dynasty: for Ensuring Reverse Chronological Materials

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

It is very difficult to establish the chronology of archaeological materials and data for the early phase of the Unified Silla Dynasty, which we know from documentary records was a very chaotic period in which the war for unification took place at the end of the Three Kingdoms Period. It has been believed that this was due to the long-term existence of specific tomb burial systems in the Silla period, the unwillingness to change, the diversity in perspectives of pottery chronology, and the rarity of data which set the standards of chronological recording.
Therefore, this study reviewed pottery with stamped design, one of the cultural products of the Silla Dynasty, which is thought to have been introduced after sometime around AD 660,based on the historical literature, into Neungsan-ri-saji, Jeongrim-saji-yeonji and Buso-sanseong (mountain fortress) in Buyeo, Chungnam Province—this material has also been introduced in previous studies. This study also put detailed geographic contexts, pottery types and patterns into consideration. By doing so, it reinforced the feasibility of reconsidering the previous understanding of this artifact type and the use of materials based on the reverse chronological estimation. The characteristic and common aspects of pottery with stamped design introduced into the Buyeo area right before the unification of the Three Kingdoms are clearly characterized by the transitional traits which appeared before the emergence of the set-form horse shoe angle vertical pattern (馬蹄形縱長文).
Namely, not only did the patterns, which are a visible attribute of ‘pottery with stamped design’, retain early-stage geometric motifs, single-pattern types of individually condensed pattern decoration treated with patterns engraved in relief on the decoration tools—such as of the round-shaped pattern type (圓文類), the water-drop mark pattern (水滴形文), the diamondshaped mark pattern (菱形文)—were also predominant. Besides, it has been confirmed that semi-circle type single patterns were densely designed to form similar-vertical patterns (類似縱長文) in a way similar to the design of more than three vertical patterns in a row. In addition,individual unit vertical patterns proved to emerge as less than three semi-circle-type early-stage vertical patterns in a row which were not positioned and arranged properly in the row and column system. These have suggested that the emergence of more than three horse shoe angle vertical patterns, the row and column of which was systematized and typified, appeared somewhere around this period via the confused stage of pattern design, in terms of the typological development of pattern changes.
If we regard the fashion of round-shaped densely patterned designs and the appearance of less than three similar- and early vertical patterns in a row to be the aspects of pattern design for pottery with stamped design around AD 660, then when did the fixed forms of horse shoe angle vertical pattern, which followed after such a transitional pattern design, occur? Namely, this is a question which involves the issue of how long the aspects of the transitional pattern design existed. As the reverse chronological back-up data which could be used to infer this issue, the pottery with stamped design excavated from Namhan-sanseong (South of the Han Mountain Fortress) in the Gyeonggi area far from Gyeongju and Buyeo was suggested. Namhan-sanseong has strongly been believed to be the Jujangseong that was constructed around AD 672 to protect Silla from Tang China through previous excavations. It was noticeable that the aspects of transitional pottery with stamped design before the emergence of set-form vertical pattern were confirmed here as the equivalents. To conclude, it has been inferred that the approximate period in which set-form horse shoe angle vertical pattern (馬蹄形縱長文) emerged, which followed the confused stage of pattern design, is sometime after aroun...

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