원전 종사자 및 조직 특성이 사고에 미치는 영향 = A Study on the Effects of Nuclear Power Plant Workers and Organizational Characteristics on Accidents

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of nuclear power plant workers and organizational characteristics on accidents, and seek the combination of policies for reducing accidents. For this purpose, it grasped, by using System Dynamics and Causal Loop Diagram, how various factors that cause accidents in nuclear plants are interrelated, and performed simulations after building simulation models. As a result of the analysis, first, the fundamental cause of safety accidents in nuclear power plants turned out to be the time constraint on the workload. Second, it turned out that as the workload of workers increases, physical and mental stresses increase, thereby increasing accidents due to errors and violations. Third, it turned out that as the levels of educational training and compliance with regulations and procedures are enhanced, accidents are reduced. Lastly, it turned out that as the combination of policies (reliance level + working environment + educational training + compliance with regulations and procedures) is increased, accidents are reduced. Especially, it turned out that if the combination of policies is increased by 30%, more than 10 cases of accidents are reduced.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 교통안전공단, "항공안전문화지수 개발 및 적용방안 연구" 2008

2 한진환, "학습조직의 영향요인과 조직유효성에 관한 연구" 한국콘텐츠학회 6 (6): 42-49, 2006

3 조창현, "준정부조직의 기관유형별 학습조직 특성에 관한 실증분석: 탈관료제의 맥락에서" 한국행정연구소 49 (49): 63-92, 2011

4 윤영채, "준공공부문의 조직문화분석: 원자력발전소를 중심으로" 한국공공관리학회 26 (26): 27-54, 2012

5 제무성, "조직의 안전문화(Safety Culture)가 안전성에 미치는 영향연구" 2000

6 주상윤, "인적과오가 가스산업안전에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구" 울산대학교 2007

7 차용진, "위험인식모형과 원자력위험 - 심리측정패러다임 검증 및 적용" 한국정책학회 21 (21): 285-312, 2012

8 한국전력연구원, "원전 주기적 안전성 평가기술 개발" 2004

9 차용진, "원자력위험인식 변화추세 및 정책적 함의:수도권 일반주민을 중심으로" 경인행정학회 12 (12): 1-20, 2012

10 김대호, "원자력발전소의 절차서 기반 업무에서 직무스트레스의 조직요인과 조직성향 분석" 대한인간공학회 25 (25): 77-83, 2006

11 김대호, "원자력발전소 조직의 성향과 종사자의 조직적합도 및 직무만족/몰입" 한국안전학회 21 (21): 77-83, 2006

12 김영갑, "원자력발전소 조직문화와 리더십과의 상관관계 분석" 2010

13 유재국, "원자력 발전소의 조직 및 인적인자 영향관계 모델개발" 2 (2): 65-83, 2001

14 안남성, "시스템다이내믹스를 활용한 원전 조직 및 인적인자 평가" 3 (3): 49-68, 2002

15 김도훈, "시스템다이내믹스" 대영문화사 1999

16 나병선, "대기업집단의 학습조직과 조직문화, 조직학습, 조직유효성의 관계분석" 고려대학교 대학원 2002

17 김사길, "국내 원전 불시정지 사례의 인적오류 위험요소(hazards) 분석보고서" 한국원자력연구원 2012

18 안남성, "국가에너지 이슈와 원자력의 역할" 2013

19 이상철, "공공기관의 조직문화, 학습조직, 조직효과성의 관계에 관한 연구" 한국행정학회 46 (46): 181-205, 2012

20 이용희, "가동 중 원자력발전소의 인적 오류 예방 기술 개발" 대한인간공학회 30 (30): 75-86, 2011

21 金明衡, "組織學習能力과 組織學習成果에 關한 硏究" 고려대학교 1996

22 Nevis, E. C., "Understanding organizations as learning systems" 36 (36): 73-85, 1995

23 Institute of Nuclear Power Operations, "Traits of a Healthy Nuclear Safety Culture" 2013

24 Schein, E. H., "Three culture of management: Key to organizational learning" 38 (38): 9-20, 1985

25 Goldberg, A. I., "Threat perception and the readiness to participate in safety programs" 12 (12): 10-122, 1991

26 Pedler, M., "The learning company: A strategy for sustainable development" McGraw-Hill 1991

27 Senge, P. M., "The fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of The Learning Organization" Doubleday/Currency 1990

28 Yang, B., "The construct of the learning organization: dimensions, measurement, and validation" 15 (15): 31-55, 2004

29 Blake, R., "The Managerial Grid: The Key to Leadership Excellence" Gulf Publishing 1964

30 김병석, "System Thinking Perspective on the Dynamic Relationship between Organizational Characteristics of Nuclear Safety Culture" 대한인간공학회 33 (33): 77-86, 2014

31 International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group, "Summary Report on the Post-accident Review Meeting on the Chernobyl Accident" 1986

32 Watkins, K. E., "Sculpting the learning organization" Jossey-Bass 1993

33 Nuclear Regulatory Commission, "Safety Culture Attributes Table." 2005

34 International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group, "Safety Culture" 1991

35 International Atomic Energy Agency, "Report of the EXPERT MISSION to review the station blackout event that happened at Kori 1 NPP on 9 February 2012 Republic of Korea" 2012

36 Huang, Y. H., "Quality of the execution of corporate safety policies and employee safety outcomes" 18 (18): 483-506, 2004

37 Hammer, W., "Product safety management and engineering" Prentice Hall 1980

38 Institute of Nuclear Power Operations, "Principles for a Strong Nuclear Safety Culture" 2004

39 Lyneis, John, "Preventing Accidents and Building a Culture of Safety: Insights from a Simulation Model. Working Paper" Composite Information Systems Laboratory, Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2008

40 Fiol, C. M., "Organizational Learning" 10 (10): 1985

41 OECD, "Organizational Factors Identification and Assessment" 1998

42 Robbins, S. P., "Organization Behavior" Prentice Hall International Edition 1996

43 HSC., "Organising for Safety: Third report of the Human Factors Study Group of ACSNI (Advisory Committee on the Safety Nuclear Installations)" HSE Books 1993

44 International Atomic Energy Agency, "Operational Safety Performance Indicator for Nuclear Power Plants" 2000

45 Lundberg, J. G., "On Organizational Learning" 3 (3): 1989

46 Leveson, N. G., "Modeling, Analyzing and Engineering NASA’s Safety Culture: Phase 1Final Report" Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2005

47 Richardson, George P., "Introduction to System Dynamics Modeling with Dynamo" The MIT Press 1981

48 Heinrich, H. W., "Industrial accident prevention" McGraw-Hill 1980

49 Morgan, G., "Images of organization" SAGE Publications 2006

50 OECD, "Identification and Assessment of Organizational factors related to the safety of NPPs" 1999

51 Reason, J., "Human error" Cambridge University Press 1990

52 Gershon, R. R., "Hospital safety climate and its relationship with safe work practices and workplace exposure incidents" 28 (28): 211-221, 2000

53 Richardson, George P., "Feedback Thought in Social Science and System Theory" University of Pennsylvania Press 1991

54 Meadows, D. H., "Elements of the System Dynamics Method" The MIT Press 1980

55 Rudolph, J. W., "Disaster Dynamics: Understanding the role of quantity in organizational collapse" 47 (47): 1-30, 2002

56 Barling, J. C., "Development and test of a model linking safety-specific transformational leadership and occupational safety" 87 (87): 488-496, 2002

57 Marquardt, M., "Building the learning organization" McGraw-Hill 1996

58 Garvin, D. A., "Building a Learning Organization" 71 (71): 1993

59 Denison, D. R., "Bringing corporate culture to the bottom line" 5-22, 1984

60 International Atomic Energy Agency, "ASCOT Guidelines"

61 Zohar, "A group-level model of safety climate: testing the effect of group climate on microaccidents in manufacturing jobs" 85 (85): 587-596, 2000

62 환경운동연합, "2차 에너지기본계획 원전 증설에 대해 시민들은 어떻게 생각할까?" 2013