‘후지’/M.26 사과원의 토양화학적 특성과 잎의 양분조성

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional status of apple orchard soils and establish new nutritional criteria in apple leaves for the production of high quality fruit. To achieve the purpose, soils, leaves and fruit samples were collected from 250 ‘Fuji’ apple orchards from 1997 to 2002. Soil chemical properties of apple orchards were compared to the criteria for soil nutrient diagnosis and new elemental foliar tissue levels for production of good apple fruit were recommended as follows: N 23.3~27.6 g kg?¹, P 1.2~2.0 g kg?¹, K 11.9~16.3 g kg?¹, Ca 7.8~12.2 g kg?¹, Mg 2.0~3.1 g kg?¹, Mn 212~364 mg kg?¹, B 26~46 mg kg?¹ from late July to early August. Although 89% of ‘Fuji’ apple orchards were less than optimum level in organic matter, above 70% of apple orchards were higher than optimum level of available phosphate and exchangeable potassium contents. Excess or deficiency ratios of apple foliar nutrients were 6.3~38% and10.6~31.4% according to nutrient species, respectively, comparing to the new criteria for foliar nutritional diagnosis. Most of mineral nutrients of apple leaves had positive correlations with the corresponding soil nutrients, but no correlation between soil phosphate and leaf phosphorus. On the other hand, there are positive correlations between fruit quality factors and some soil chemical properties such as pH, exchangeable calcium and magnesium content, but a negative correlations for available phosphate or organic matter contents. In conclusions, to produce good apple fruit, nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers as well as livestock manure fertilizers for apple trees should be considerably applied as a amount of recommended level on the basis of the results of soil analysis.

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