상습음주운전에 대한 뇌신경과학적 고찰 = A Neuroscientific Perspective on Habitual Drunk Driving

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The literature on the risk factors for habitual drunk driving centers on socio-demographic variables, alcohol abuse and misuse, cognitive-behavioral factors, and personality and psychological variables. While the vast majority of the literature in the nation is generated based off questionnaire-based research, over-reliance on questionnaire-based research is not desirable because of its inherent bias and measurement error. The current paper, therefore, introduces neuro-scientific literature on habitual drunk-driving recently generated in the Western countries. In particular, this paper focuses on the impact of neuro-cognitive deficits and under-arousal of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis(HPA). These deficits lead to the variation in morality, conscience, fear conditioning, and learning ability among individuals, which in turn lead to increased probability of habitual drunk driving. Based on this nascent knowledge, the authors argued for educational and therapeutic programs geared to meeting specific individual needs.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

음주운전 재범의 위험요인에 대한 국내문헌은 대부분 설문조사에 의존한 연구를 바탕으로 인구사회학적 변인, 알코올 남용 및 오용, 음주운전에 대한 인지-행동적 요인, 성격 및 심리학적 변인들의 기술에 초점을 두고 있다. 설문조사는 편향과 오류발생 가능성을 내포하므로 음주운전 관련 지식의 창출이 설문조사에 과의존하는 현상은 바람직하지 않다. 이에 본 논문에서는 경성과학인 뇌신경과학적 입장에서 상습음주운전에 영향을 미치는 신경 인지 기능 훼손과 시상하부–뇌하수체-부신축(Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis, HPA)의 비활성화에 대해 소개하였다. 음주운전 재범자나 상습범의 경우 이러한 뇌기능 손상으로 인해 정상인에 비해 도덕성, 양심, 공포 조건화 및 학습능력에 있어 차이가 나기 때문에 이러한 사실을 감안한 교육과 치료 프로그램 수립의 필요성을 역설하였다.

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