주자의 『태극해의(太極解義)』 일고 -그 세계관을 중심으로- = Study on Zhu Xi`s Taijitujie - Focusing on its World View -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the history of Chinese philosophy, Taijitu and Theory on Taijitu by Zhou Dun Yi (1017~1073) was a turning point. They were completion of ancient Chinese philosophical reasoning on cosmology, ontology and human theory and a starting point to guide Song`s Neo-Confucianism into a new direction and depth. Zhu Xi (1130~1200) wrote Taijitujie and Theory on Taijitujie that interpreted Taijitu and Theory on Taijitu and completed a vast and elaborate systematic philosophy that encompasses cosmology, ontology and human theory by actively embracing and interpreting Zhou Dun Yi`s thoughts. Zhou Dun Yi and Zhu Xi and their writings had a profound effect not only on development of Chinese philosophy by their posterity but on the world view of ancient East Asians.
It was Taijitujie that completed Zhu Xi`s systematic philosophy. He solved a philosophical dilemma represented with Wu (absence) and You (presence) by clearly explaining a declared thesis of “Wuji er Taiji.” In a relationship between Taiji and Yin-Yang and five elements of the universe, Zhu Xi also argues that Taiji is a principle or a rule inherent in energy represented by Yin and Yang and in qualities represented by five elements instead of being a separate or independent substance from them. Theory on Taijitujie features clear rhyming couples based on dualistic contrast in its descriptive form, which is reflection of Zhu Xi`s world view and philosophical methodology. As to human theory, Zhu Xi, unlike Zhou Dun Yi, newly presents his interpretation focusing on mind-heart mind-cultivation theories. Zhu Xi`s world view ultimately suggests a philosophical ideal of the unity of heaven and human; provides infinite freedom and loft goals to ones who sympathize with and accept that ideal and; requires constant self-cultivation and practice for ideal personality.