고려 최씨정권기 도방의 운영과 지휘체계 = The Operation and Command System of Tobang during the Choi Regime in Goryeo

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examines the operation and command system of the Tobang during the Choi regime of Goryeo. The military power of the Choi regime was called by various terms. Tobang, established by Choi Chung-heon, was the core organization of the Choi regime’s private military power. Mabyeolcho, a cavalry unit, was also organized. The household retainers clearly show that the private military power of the Choi regime was brought in from outside. Private slaves were owned by the Choi family and served as bodyguards. Private army was the most comprehensive term for private military power.
The Tobang was organized by selecting civil servants, military officials, hanryang, and soldiers. Afterwards, the scale was expanded by recruiting people from the country. The Tobang included public figures and had the effect of dominating the bureaucratic society. The Tobang worked for the personal interests of the Choi regime. Civil servants and military officials performed their own duties, and under the orders of the ruling military official, the Tobang engaged in public activities.
The Tobang was operated according to the orders of the ruling military official. The official positions of civil servants and military officials were respected even in the provincial capital. It was commanded by the Sangjanggun and Daejanggun, and the generals and subordinate military officers led the military. In Tobang, the ruling military official handled matters by directly issuing orders to generals, regardless of hierarchy. In Tobang, the influence of the party was great. Although his relatives were not included in Tobang, they were closest to the ruling military official and thus exercised strong influence. Although the bodyguards were outside of the command system of Tobang, their influence in the private order of the Choi regime was significant.