정부경제지출의 생산성에 좋은 거버넌스와 제도가 미치는 영향: OECD 회원국을 중심으로 = The impacts of good governance and institutions on the productivity of general government expenditure on economic affairs: With application to OECD member countries

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 2000년부터 2014까지 27개 OECD 회원국들의 일반정부 경제지출의 생산성을 측정하고, 좋은 거버넌스, 재정제도, 그리고 정치제도가 정부경제지출의 생산성에 미치는 효과를 분석하였다. 정부경제지출의 생산성은 2000년부터 2014년까지 평균 1.8% 감소하였다. 정부경제지출의 생산성의 구성요소인 효율성과 기술변화도 각각 0.5%, 1.3% 감소하였다. 이는 정부경제지출의 생산성이 효율성의 감소뿐만 아니라 기술퇴보로 인해 감소했다는 것을 시사한다. 지출규모별 정부경제지출의 생산성 차이를 분석한 결과, 중소규모 국가의 생산성이 대규모 국가보다 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 좋은 거버넌스가 정부경제지출의 생산성에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 정부효과성, 참여 및 책임성, 정치안정 및 비폭력 순으로 정부경제지출의 생산성에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 반면 규제의 질, 법치, 부패통제는 정부경제지출의 생산성에 유의미한 효과를 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 거버넌스 평균과 정부의 질은 정부경제지출의 생산성에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 재정제도가 정부경제지출의 생산성에 미치는 영향은 독립재정기구와 지출분권이 정부경제지출의 생산성을 증가시키는 효과를 미치는 반면 재정준칙과 조세분권은 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 정치제도의 경우에는 다수대표제선거제도가 정부경제지출의 생산성에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 반면 정부형태(대통령제)와 정부체제(단일정당정부)는 유의미한 효과를 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study measured the productivity of general government expenditure on economic affairs in 27 OECD member countries, and analyzed the impacts of good governance and fiscal and political institutions on productivity. From 2000 to 2014 productivity decreased by an average of 1.8%. Efficiency and technical change, components of productivity, also declined by an average of 0.5% and 1.3%, respectively. This implies that the productivity of government expenditure on economic affairs has been reduced by technical regress as well as a decline in efficiency. An examination of productivity differences by expenditure size shows that the productivity of small and medium-sized countries is significantly higher than that of large ones. The impacts of good governance on the productivity of government spending on economic affairs demonstrate that government effectiveness, voice and accountability, and political stability and absence of violence sequentially have a positive influence, while regulatory quality, rule of law, and control of corruption exert no significant effect. The mean of good governance and the quality of government positively influence the productivity of government expenditure on economic affairs. The impacts of fiscal institutions reveal that independent fiscal institutions and expenditure decentralization wield a positively increasing effect on the productivity of government spending on economic affairs, whereas fiscal rules and tax-revenue decentralization do not exercise a significant effect. As for political institutions, a majoritarian electoral system has a positive influence on productivity, whereas the presidential government form and single-party government system do not have a significant effect on it.

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