Korea had achieved 1 trillion USD of trading in 2011 and now is the 9th biggest country in the amount of trading, the 7th biggest in the export as of 2015. The dependancy on export is 38.24%, which is the 2nd highest among the G20 countries following ...
Korea had achieved 1 trillion USD of trading in 2011 and now is the 9th biggest country in the amount of trading, the 7th biggest in the export as of 2015. The dependancy on export is 38.24%, which is the 2nd highest among the G20 countries following Germany. In terms of dependancy on import, it is 31.69% also 2nd largest after Maxico and the dependancy on trading(which is sum of import and export) is 69.93% also 2nd biggest following Germany. This means the export accounts for biggest portion of Korea’s economy, so by boosting up the export we could strengthen the country’s competitiveness and promote economic growth. Export transaction is the trade between merchants, who stay in different country, by nature it possess high risk compared to the domestic trade. Political risk from the importing country’s change of situation, credit risk from importers, foreign exchange losses from the fluctuate of exchange rate and the risk that goods could go bad or be lost in the middle of long distance transportation may occur, by removing or reducing those risk, we could expect export transaction will be made smoothly. Among these risks from the exporter’s point of view, the most biggest risk can be the risk related with payments. Even though the exporter has performed his obligations if the payment cannot be fulfilled due to political risk or credit risk, the damage to the exporter will be more than serious. Furthermore, the scale of the export transaction is being enlarged and the amount of payment is increasing. And also the international trade market is changing into the buyer-driven market and exporter cannot avoid credit based transactions with their customer. In this situation, if the exporter cannot encash the accounts receivable, it may suffer critical cash flow. Thus, early liquidation of export receivables has been very important issues to exporters. Export Insurance protects exporters from these various risks and this gives they relieve the anxiety about trade and allows them to concentrate on the steady exports. Export Insurance is operated by Korea Trading Insurance Corporation(K-sure) on Trade Insurance Act in Korea. By the Export Insurance, the exporter can not only eliminate the risk of unsettlement of the payment but also benefit from withdrawing the payment of the export in the early stage. Through this process, the exporter can prevent the liquidity risk and at the same get the opportunity of maximizing the profit. However in the case of fraudulent export transaction, the Export Insurance is not guaranteed and the banking institution who purchasing the export receivables and the K-sure are in dispute and litigation. To make it worse, some of the banking institutions are not willing to deal with Export Insurance any more. However because of the structure of the Export Insurance, it is hard to guarantee the loss from purchasing of fraudulent export receivables. But it is excessive to ask for the banking institution not to examine as a mere formality but to assess the genuineness of the export receivables and it will result that the banking institutions avoid to use Export Insurance and the guarantee would be weakened. Therefore it is necessary to modify the system so that the banking institution can purchase the export receivables only by examining as a formality in the principle of independence and abstraction of the letter of credit. In this way, it is possible to strengthen the guarantee of the Export Insurance and promote industries’ export.