사회적협동조합의 네트워크 양상과 제도적 논리-사회학적 신제도주의를 활용하여- = Network Aspects and Institutional Logic of Social Cooperatives -Using sociological neo-institutionalism-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study explored organizational network experienced by workers of social cooperatives by qualitative research method using institutional logic of new institutionalism. This study qualitatively studied what institutional logic is involved in the network of social cooperatives and how institutional logic relates to the network form of social cooperatives. Subject to the study, 10 workers in social cooperatives engaged in various regions and various industries were interviewed in depth on the social cooperatives' business overview, network aspects and business backgrounds.
The results of the study are as follows. First, the entry into the social cooperative network field resulted in institutional homogenization due to the birth of social cooperatives corporation, and the newly formed organization was forced to homogenize with the “dependence logic". Mature organizations were subject to normative homomorphism by 'democratic operation’ logic and ‘regional social contribution’ logic. Second, among the social cooperative operation networks, exchanges between the internal union members were promoted under the ‘cooperative’ logic between cooperatives and self-organization emerged as an alternative to the ‘between us’ transaction network and market network by ‘union member-centered’ logic. While internal procurement was activated by ‘union-centered’ logic and ‘community’ logic, network with parent corporations was reduced under ‘self-reliance’ logic and ‘democratic operation’ logic. Third, among external networks, the ‘cooperative among cooperatives’ logic was formed in the network of collective action and advocacy, and the user network due to the reputation of social cooperatives was activated by ‘local community contribution’ logic. Fourth, conflicts over the maintenance of membership in the field of social cooperatives resulted in network congestion, which was caused by conflicts between ‘dependence’ and ‘independence’ logic. Based on the above research results, institutional logic related to the network of social cooperatives was presented and measures were proposed to activate the network.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 사회적협동조합의 네트워크 양상에 관계되는 제도적 논리들은 무엇이며, 이 제도적 논리들에 의한 사회적협동조합의 네트워크 양상들은 어떠한지를 사회학적 신제도주의를 활용해 질적 분석하였다. 연구 대상은 다양한 지역과 업종에서 종사하는 사회적협동조합 실무자 10명이며, 사례자들이 속한 사회적협동조합의 사업배경과 개요, 네트워크 양상에 대한 내용을 중심으로 심층인터뷰를 수행하였다.
연구결과 첫째, 사회적협동조합 네트워크 장(field)으로 진입은 사회적협동조합 법인 탄생으로 인한 제도적 동형화가 나타났으며, 신생 조합들은‘의존’논리에 의한 강제적 동형화가 나타났고, 조직 전환한 조합들은 ‘민주적 운영’논리, ‘지역사회기여’논리에 의한 규범적 동형화가 작용하였다. 둘째, 사회적협동조합 운영 네트워크 중 내부 네트워크인 조합원 간 교류는 ‘협동조합 간 협동’논리에 따라 조직간 합병이 추진되었으며, ‘조합원 중심’논리에 의한 ‘우리끼리’ 거래네트워크와 시장네트워크의 대안으로서 ‘자기조직화’가 나타났다. 자금조달네트워크는 ‘조합원 중심’논리에 의해 내부 조달이 활성화된 반면, ‘자립’논리와 ‘민주적 운영’논리에 따라 모(母)법인과의 네트워크는 감소되었다. 셋째, 외부네트워크 중 제도 변화 및 옹호네트워크는 ‘협동조합간 협동’, ‘조합원 중심’논리에 의해 형성되었으며, 이용자 네트워크는 ‘지역사회기여’논리에 의해 평판을 통해 활성화되었다. 넷째, 사회적협동조합 장에서의 네트워크 정체는 ‘의존’논리와 ‘자립’논리 간 충돌로 사회적협동조합 멤버십 유지에 대한 갈등이 나타났다.
이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 사회적협동조합의 네트워크 양상과 관계되는 제도적 논리들을 제시하고 사회적협동조합의 네트워크를 활성화하기 위한 방안을 제시하였다.

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