This study deals with the trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) interactions with carboxamides like formamide (FMA), N,N′‐dimethyl formamide (DMF), and N,N′‐dimethyl acetamide (DMA) interactions during the nitration of heterocyclic compounds (HC) l...
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https://www.riss.kr/link?id=O111847771
2021년
-
0538-8066
1097-4601
SCI;SCIE;SCOPUS
학술저널
164-186 [※수록면이 p5 이하이면, Review, Columns, Editor's Note, Abstract 등일 경우가 있습니다.]
0
상세조회0
다운로드다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)
This study deals with the trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) interactions with carboxamides like formamide (FMA), N,N′‐dimethyl formamide (DMF), and N,N′‐dimethyl acetamide (DMA) interactions during the nitration of heterocyclic compounds (HC) l...
This study deals with the trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) interactions with carboxamides like formamide (FMA), N,N′‐dimethyl formamide (DMF), and N,N′‐dimethyl acetamide (DMA) interactions during the nitration of heterocyclic compounds (HC) like pyrrole and indole in the presence of excess of [NaNO2] over the concentrations of all other reactants. All the reactions were performed in aqueous acetonitrile media containing carboxamide under acid‐free conditions. Kinetics of the reactions revealed first order in [nitrating agent] and [HC] under otherwise similar conditions. To gain an insight into the reactive species and role of added carboxamide (FAA, DMF, DMA, etc.), the observed rates of the nitration reaction (log k) were analyzed as a function of (1/D), ([D − 1]/[2D + 1]), mole fraction (nx), and volume (%) of carboxamide, 1/viscosity, density refractive index function), and Hildebrand solubility parameter plots. Linear regression analysis gave very good correlation coefficients (R2 values), which indicate the importance of several solvent properties in addition to the role of dielectric constant (D) of the reaction media. Multiple linear solvent energy relationships suggested by Abraham, Koppel, Palm, and Taft also afforded very good correlation coefficient (R2 values), showing the importance of cumulative effect of solvent properties. Besides these features, the negative entropies of activation (∆S#) suggest greater solvation in the transition state. Isokinetic temperature (β) values for different protocols were very close to the experimental temperature range (303‐323 K), indicating the importance of both enthalpy and entropy factors in controlling the reaction.
Derivation of rate constant ratios for consecutive second‐order irreversible reactions