The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of group art therapy on enhancement of self-expression of first graders of middle school who had difficulty expressing themselves. Among the first graders of middle school who are attending D All...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of group art therapy on enhancement of self-expression of first graders of middle school who had difficulty expressing themselves. Among the first graders of middle school who are attending D All-Male Middle School in P-si where a professional counselor is attending, the subjects of this study were 4 first-year middle school students(7th graders) who were judged to need psychological intervention because he/she did not get along well with their peers due to lack of self-expression and had a hard time in school. Therefore, the researcher sent a guidebook of the program to the target student's family, obtained consent from the relevant adolescents and parents, and conducted a small group art therapy program to promote self-expression and peer relations.
This study conducted a total of 12 sessions, 60 minutes each session once or twice a week from Sep 15, 2021 to Nov 24, 2021. The research tool used to measure the effectiveness of this study is the self-expression measure of Byun Chang-Jin and Kim Sung-Hoe(1980), which reconstructed the self-expression rating scale of Schroeder(1979) to suit the cultural background of Korea, and used Kinetic School Drawing(KSD) for pre·post·future tests. Also, behavior observation was conducted to measure changes in self-expression, and in the process of implementing the program, 2 free-play sessions were held for 10 minutes each a week before the program started and filmed 10 minutes of free play before the program was implemented for behavior changes. In order to observe the maintenance of behavior, a video of free play was taken twice a week for 10 minutes 2 weeks after the program ended. Data processing is as follows.
First, this study analyzed the self-expression scale and showed the pre·post·future test results according to scores by quantitatively analyzing the effect on enhancing self-expression.
Secondly, after clarifying observation behavior through operational definition of self-expression behavior, this study filmed 10-minute free play video every session, observed the self-expression behavior of the adolescents, and showed the frequency measured for each session in a table and a broken-line graph.
Thirdly, peer relationships and changes in school life shown in the figure were examined by comparing the pre·post·future illustrations of Kinetic School Drawing(KSD).
Fourthly, after obtaining consent from adolescents and parents who participated in the program, this study referred to the verbatim record and response diary of each session by recording the entire 12 sessions of the program and qualitatively analyzed the process of changes in self-expression.
The results of this study are as follows.
First, group art therapy was effective in enhancing self-expression of adolescents.
Secondly, group art therapy by promoting self-expression made positive effects on changes in peer relationship and school like that appeared in Kinetic School Drawing(KSD).
Therefore, the significance of this study is that it empirically verified that small group art therapy has a positive effect on enhancing self-expression and peer relationship of adolescents.