초기영어의 3음절 단음화 현상에 대한 소고

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The status of Trisyllabic Shortening or TRISH has been solid as a phonological process in historical phonology of late Old English and early Middle English since Luick (1921), who asserted that analogical leveling based on trisyllabic shortening was required to account for the exceptions to Middle English Open Syllable Lengthening or MEOSL. Minkova (1982) and Minkova and Stockwell (1996) have claimed, however, that MEOSL must be regarded as compensatory lengthening due to the loss of schwa in word-final position and that there is no place for TRISH in the quantity adjustment processes in early English. In line with Minkova (1982), Bermudez-Otero (1998) has proposed an Optimality-theoretic analysis of MEOSL and criticized the role of analogical leveling and in particular that of TRISH in the account of alternations within the inflectional paradigms of nouns in early English. The aims of the current paper are twofold: we will review the arguments of both sides over TRISH in phonological literature of early English; adopting Lahiri and Fikkert’s (1999) view that TRISH, interacting with MEOSL, played a crucial role as a prosodic constraint in the phonology of early English, we will propose a unified constraint system within Optimality that can account for MEOSL and TRISH.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 서론
• 2. 선행연구
• 3. 최적성 이론적 분석
• 4. 결론
• 참고문헌

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이세창, "음운과정의 불투명성에 관한 연구: 보상적 장음화에 대한 포괄적 재분석을 중심으로" 한국언어학회 35 (35): 229-245, 2010

2 Lahiri, A., "Trisyllabic shortening in English: Past and present" 3 : 229-267, 1999

3 Minkova, D., "The origins of long-short allomorphy in English" 1996

4 Minkova, D., "The environment for Open Syllable Lengthening in Middle English" 3 : 29-58, 1982

5 Ritt, N., "Quantity Adjustment: Vowel Lengthening and Shortening in Early Middle English" Cambridge University Press 1994

6 Bermúdez-Otero, R., "Prosodic optimization: The Middle English length adjustment" 2 : 169-197, 1998

7 Prince, A., "Optimality theory: constraint interaction in generative grammar" Rutgers University, New Brunswick & University of Colorado 1993

8 Lahiri, A., "Open syllable lengthening in Germanic" 75 : 678-719, 1999

9 Kim, M. S., "On Lengthening in the Open Syllables of Middle English" 91 : 261-277, 1993

10 Campbell, A., "Old English Grammar" Oxford University Press 1959

11 Lass, R., "Old English" Cambridge University Press 1992

12 Starčević, A., "Middle English quantity changes ― Further squibs" Eötvös Loránd University

13 Dresher, E., "Metrical coherence in Germanic" 11 : 47-73, 1991

14 Kiparsky, P., "Linguistics in the Morning Calm" Seoul 1982

15 Luick, K., "Historische Grammatik der Sprache" Leipzig 1921

16 McCarthy, J., "Hidden Generalization: Phonological Opacity in Optimality Theory" Equinox Publishing 2007

17 Hayes, B., "Compensatory lengthening in moraic phonology" 13 : 253-306, 1989

18 Hammond, M., "Binarity in English nouns" University of Arizona 1995

19 Wright, J., "An Elementary Middle English Grammar" Oxford University Press 1928

20 Bensoukas, K., "A note on the absence of schwa in Berber open syllable" Mohammed V University 2004

21 Hogg, R., "A Grammar of Old English I: Phonology" Blackwell 1992